List of Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia

Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
Coat of arms
Residence	Kramářova vila
Appointer	The President
Formation	14 November 1918
First holder	Karel Kramář
Final holder	Jan Stráský
Abolished	31 December 1992

The Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia was the head of government of Czechoslovakia, from the creation of the First Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 until the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic in 1992.

In periods when the post of the President of Czechoslovakia was vacant, some presidential duties were carried out by the Prime Minister. However, the Czechoslovak Constitutions do not define anything like a post of acting president.

There are currently three living former Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia—Lubomír Štrougal, Marián Čalfa and Jan Stráský.

Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia (1918–1992)

      National Democracy       Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party       Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants       Czechoslovak Socialist Party       Communist Party of Czechoslovakia       Civic Democratic Party       Independent

No.	Portrait	Name	Lifespan	Ethnicity	Assumed office	Left office	Political Party
First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938)
1		Karel Kramář	1860–1937	Czech	14 November 1918	8 July 1919	National Democracy
2		Vlastimil Tusar	1880–1924	Czech	8 July 1919	15 September 1920	Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party
3		Jan Černý	1874–1959	Czech	15 September 1920	26 September 1921	Independent
4		Edvard Beneš	1884–1948	Czech	26 September 1921	7 October 1922	Czechoslovak Socialist Party
5		Antonín Švehla	1873–1933	Czech	7 October 1922	18 March 1926	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants / Pětka
6		Jan Černý	1874–1959	Czech	18 March 1926	12 October 1926	Independent
7		Antonín Švehla	1873–1933	Czech	12 October 1926	1 February 1929	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants / Pětka
8		František Udržal	1866–1938	Czech	1 February 1929	24 October 1932	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants
9		Jan Malypetr	1873–1947	Czech	24 October 1932	5 November 1935	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants
10		Milan Hodža	1878–1944	Slovak	5 November 1935	22 September 1938	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants
Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–1939)
11		Jan Syrový	1888–1970	Czech	22 September 1938	1 December 1938	Independent
12		Rudolf Beran	1887–1954	Czech	1 December 1938	15 March 1939	Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants / Party of National Unity
Occupation (1939–1945) Alois Eliáš became Prime Minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, a de iure autonomous region incorporated into Nazi Germany. Jan Šrámek became Prime Minister within the Czechoslovak government-in-exile, recognized as the only legitimate Czechoslovak Government during World War II. Vojtech Tuka became Prime Minister of the quasi-independent, pro-Nazi and clero-fascist Slovak Republic. Julian Révaý became Prime Minister of the Carpatho-Ukraine few days before occupation by the Kingdom of Hungary.
Third Czechoslovak Republic (1945–1948)
13		Zdeněk Fierlinger	1891–1976	Czech	5 April 1945	2 July 1946	Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party
14		Klement Gottwald	1896–1953	Czech	2 July 1946	15 June 1948	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Communist Era (1948–1989) Official names: Czechoslovak Republic (1948–1960), Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1960–1989)
15		Antonín Zápotocký	1884–1957	Czech	15 June 1948	14 March 1953	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
16		Viliam Široký	1902–1971	Slovak	14 March 1953	20 September 1963	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
17		Jozef Lenárt	1923–2004	Slovak	20 September 1963	8 April 1968	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
18		Oldřich Černík	1921–1994	Czech	8 April 1968	28 January 1970	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
19		Lubomír Štrougal	1924–	Czech	28 January 1970	12 October 1988	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
20		Ladislav Adamec	1926–2007	Czech	12 October 1988	7 December 1989	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Post–Communist Era (1989–1992) Official names: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1989–1990), Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)
21		Marián Čalfa	1946–	Slovak	7 December 1989	2 July 1992	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia / Public Against Violence / Civic Democratic Union
22		Jan Stráský	1940–	Czech	2 July 1992	31 December 1992	Civic Democratic Party

Timeline

See also

• List of Presidents of Czechoslovakia
• List of rulers of Bohemia
  • President of the Czech Republic
    • List of Presidents of the Czech Republic
  • Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
    • List of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic
  • List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
  • President of Slovakia
  • Prime Minister of Slovakia