Qazi Muhammad
| Qazi Muhammad | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| President of the Republic of Kurdistan | |
| In office January 22, 1946 – December 15, 1946 |
|
| Preceded by | Iranian Monarchy Pahlavi dynasty |
| Succeeded by | Iranian Monarchy Pahlavi dynasty |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1893 Mahabad, West Azerbaijan, Persia |
| Died | March 31, 1947[1] Mahabad, West Azerbaijan, Iran |
| Citizenship | Iran |
| Political party | PDKI |
| Children | Efat and Ali Qazi, Pavin Qazi |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Islam |
| Ethnicity | Kurdish |
| Qazi was sentenced to death by the Iranian military court, and was hanged in Chwarchira Square in the center of city of Mahabad on March 31, 1947. | |
Qazi Muhammad (Kurdish: Qazî Mihemed) (1893–1947) was a Kurdish leader and the Head of the Republic of Kurdistan (Republic of Mahabad), the second modern self declared Kurdish state in the Middle East (after the Republic of Ararat). Contemporary theorists believe that Qazi Muhammad was one of the most advanced Kurdish leaders in history.
Contents
Biography
Qazi Muhammad acted as the President of the Republic of Mahabad, in (Eastern Kurdistan) in 1946.[2] This is discounted by some. He was also the founder of the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran, that was established after the need for a more transparent party was felt by its adherents. (Komeley Jiyanewey Kurd existed prior to that, as a secret organization.) Mustafa Barzani, one of the "leaders" of the nationalist Kurdish movement in Iraqi Kurdistan, was also the commander of its army. His cousin Mohammed Hossein Saif Qazi was a minister in his cabinet. A year later, after the Soviets withdrew from Iran, the Kurdish Republic was crushed by Iran's central government. An Iranian military court sentenced Qazi and two of his associates to death by hanging in Chwarchira Square, in the center of the city of Mahabad, on March 31, 1947.[1] They were left hanging for more than two days.
Family
One of his sons, Ali Qazi, is today an active member in the Kurdish movement.
One of his daughters, Efat Ghazi, was killed by a letter bomb in Västerås, Sweden, in 1990.[3] The bomb was addressed to her husband, the Kurdish activist Emir Ghazi.[4] Some analysts speculated that the Iranian government might have been involved in the assassination.[5][6]
See also
- Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran
- Mahabad Republic
- Timeline of Kurdish uprisings
- Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou
- Sadeq Sharafkandi
- Simko
References
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- Articles with dead external links from October 2010
- Commons category link from Wikidata
- 1893 births
- 1947 deaths
- Iranian Kurdish people
- Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan politicians
- Republic of Mahabad
- Assassinated Kurdish politicians
- Executed politicians
- Executed presidents
- Executed Kurdish people
- Kurdish nationalists
- Kurdish people
- Iranian people executed by hanging
- People executed by Iran by hanging
- People executed by the Pahlavi dynasty
