Rapper's Delight

"Rapper's Delight"
File:Rappersdelight.jpeg
Single by The Sugarhill Gang
from the album Sugarhill Gang
Released	September 16, 1979
Format	12"
Recorded	Sugar Hill Studios, 1979
Genre	Old-school hip hop, disco, funk
Length	3:55 (single version) 14:35 (album version)
Label	Sugar Hill
Writer(s)	Bernard Edwards & Nile Rodgers
The Sugarhill Gang singles chronology
"Rapper's Delight" (1979) "8th Wonder" (1980)

"Rapper's Delight" is a song recorded in 1979 by The Sugarhill Gang. While it was not the first single to feature rapping, it is generally considered to be the song that first popularized hip hop in the United States and around the world. The song is ranked #251 on the Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and #2 on both About.com's and VH1's 100 Greatest Hip-Hop Songs. It is also included in NPR's list of the 100 most important American musical works of the 20th century. The song was also named as the Greatest Really Long Rock Song of all time by Digital Dream Door. It was preserved into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress in 2011. Songs on the National Recording Registry are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

The song was recorded in a single take. There are three versions of the original version of the song: 14:35 (12" long version), 6:30 (12" short version), and 4:55 (7" shortened single version). Ten years after its initial release, an official remix by Ben Liebrand entitled "Rapper's Delight '89" was released.

Background

In late 1978, Debbie Harry suggested that Chic's Nile Rodgers join her and Chris Stein at a hip hop event, which at the time was a communal space taken over by teenagers with boombox stereos playing various pieces of music that performers would break dance to. Rodgers experienced this event the first time himself at a high school in the Bronx. On September 20, 1979, and September 21, 1979, Blondie and Chic were playing concerts with The Clash in New York at The Palladium. When Chic started playing "Good Times", rapper Fab Five Freddy and the members of the Sugarhill Gang ("Big Bank Hank" Jackson, Mike Wright, and "Master Gee" O'Brien), jumped up on stage and started freestyling with the band. A few weeks later Rodgers was on the dance floor of New York club Leviticus and heard the DJ play a song which opened with Bernard Edwards' bass line from Chic's "Good Times". Rodgers approached the DJ who said he was playing a record he had just bought that day in Harlem. The song turned out to be an early version of "Rapper's Delight", which also included a scratched version of the song's string section. Rodgers and Edwards immediately threatened legal action over copyright, which resulted in a settlement and their being credited as co-writers. Rodgers admitted that he was originally upset with the song, but later declared it to be "one of his favorite songs of all time" and his favorite of all the tracks that sampled (or in this instance interpolated) Chic. He also stated: "As innovative and important as 'Good Times' was, 'Rapper's Delight' was just as much, if not more so." "Rapper's Delight" is said to be the song that popularized rap music and put it into the mainstream.

A substantial portion of the early stanzas of the song's lyrics was borrowed by Jackson from "Grandmaster Caz" (Curtis Fisher) who had loaned his 'book' to him—these include a namecheck for "Casanova Fly," which was Caz's full stage name.

Before the "Good Times" background starts, the intro to the recording is an interpolation of "Here Comes That Sound Again" by British studio group Love De-Luxe, a dance hit in 1979.

According to Oliver Wang, author of the 2003 Classic Material: The Hip-Hop Album Guide, recording artist ("Pillow Talk") and studio owner Sylvia Robinson had trouble finding anyone willing to record a rap song. Most of the rappers who performed in clubs did not want to record, as many practioners believed the style was for live performances only. It is said that Robinson's son heard a rapper in a pizza place, and the rapper was persuaded to come to a studio and record someone else's words while "Good Times" was played.

Chip Shearin said in a 2010 interview that at age 17, he was visiting a friend in New Jersey. The friend knew Robinson, who needed some musicians for various recordings, including "Rapper's Delight". Shearin's job on the song was to play the bass for 15 minutes straight, with no mistakes. He was paid $70 but later went on to perform with Sugarhill Gang in concert. Shearin described the session this way:

The drummer and I were sweating bullets because that's a long time. And this was in the days before samplers and drum machines, when real humans had to play things. ... Sylvia said, 'I've got these kids who are going to talk real fast over it; that's the best way I can describe it.'

Wang said:

"There's this idea that hip-hop has to have street credibility, yet the first big hip-hop song was an inauthentic fabrication. It's not like the guys involved were the 'real' hip-hop icons of the era, like Grandmaster Flash or Lovebug Starski. So it's a pretty impressive fabrication, lightning in a bottle."

History

"Rapper's Delight" peaked at #36 in January 1980 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart, #4 on the U.S. Hot Soul Singles chart in December 1979, #1 on the Canadian Singles Chart in January 1980, #1 on the Dutch Top 40, and #3 on the UK Singles Chart. The single sold over 2 million copies in the United States, grossing US$3.5 million for Sugar Hill Records. In 1980 the song was the anchor of the group's first album The Sugarhill Gang.

It was the first Top 40 song to be available only as a 12-inch extended version in the U.S. Early pressings (very few) were released with a red label, with black print, on Sugarhill Records, along with a 7" 45rpm single (which is very rare). Later pressings had the more common blue label, in orange colored "roulette style" sleeves, while even later pressings were issued in the more common blue sleeves with the Sugarhill Records logo. In Europe, however, it was released on the classic 7-inch single format on French pop label Vogue, with a shorter version of the song. It was this 7" single that reached number one in the Dutch chart. The song ranked #248 on Rolling Stone magazine's 2004 list of "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".

A British version of the song, with rewritten lyrics, was recorded for the song's 25th anniversary in 2004 by an ensemble of performers including Rodney P, Chester P, Kano, Simone, Yungun, Sway, J2K, Swiss, Baby Blue, Skibadee, Luke Skys, and MC D.

In popular culture

• In "My Old Friend's New Friend", an episode of the TV sitcom Scrubs, the Sugar Hill Gang appears in two of J.D.'s fantasies singing the song.
• A February 2014 episode of Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon featured a mashup video of Brian Williams singing the song during the show's first week. The video also included Lester Holt.
• "Pig Out", a 2015 episode of the The Muppets, featured the Swedish Chef singing the song.
• During a dream sequence in Kangaroo Jack, the titular kangaroo sings a bit of the song.

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Chart (1979–1980)	Peak position
Australia (ARIA)	37
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)	5
Canada (RPM)	1
France (IFOP)	2
Germany (Official German Charts)	3
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)	1
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)	18
Norway (VG-lista)	2
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)	2
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)	2
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)	3
US Billboard Hot 100	36

Year-end charts

Chart (1980)	Peak position
France (IFOP)	33

Certifications and sales

Region	Certification	Sales/shipments
Canada (Music Canada)	Platinum	10,000
Spain (PROMUSICAE)	Gold	10,000
United Kingdom (BPI)	Silver	250,000
United States		2,000,000
France		623,000
^shipments figures based on certification alone

Chart succession

Preceded by "Escape (The Piña Colada Song)" by Rupert Holmes	Canadian Singles Chart January 26 – February 2, 1980	Succeeded by "Coward of the County" by Kenny Rogers
Preceded by "I Have a Dream" by ABBA	Dutch number-one single February 2–16, 1980	Succeeded by "Crying" by Don McLean

External links

• Rapper's Delight on National Public Radio
• Official Music Video
• Silver jubilee for first rap hit — BBC article about the single on its 25th anniversary
• The Story of Rapper's Delight by Nile Rodgers
• The 100 most important American musical works of the 20th century - NPR