Robert T. Stevens

Robert T. Stevens
Robert Ten Broeck Stevens oil painting by Thomas Edgar Stephans
4th United States Secretary of the Army
In office February 4, 1953 – July 21, 1955
President	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Preceded by	Frank Pace
Succeeded by	Wilber M. Brucker
Personal details
Born	(1899-07-31)July 31, 1899 Fanwood, New Jersey
Died	Edison, New Jersey
Parents	John Peters Stevens Edna Ten Broeck
Alma mater	Phillips Academy (1917) Yale University

Robert Ten Broeck Stevens (July 31, 1899 – January 31, 1983) was a U.S. businessman and former chairman of J.P. Stevens and Company, which was one of the most established textile manufacturing plants in the U.S. He served as the Secretary of the Army between February 4, 1953 until July 21, 1955.

Biography

He was born on July 31, 1899 in Fanwood, New Jersey to John Peters Stevens and Edna Ten Broeck. He attended Phillips Academy and graduated in 1917. He then attended Yale University. He became president of J.P. Stevens and Company in 1929.

He served as Chairman of The Business Council, then known as the Business Advisory Council for the United States Department of Commerce in 1951 and 1952.

Stevens came into conflict with Senator Joseph McCarthy over a series of issues that ultimately led to the Army-McCarthy hearings of 1954. In the fall of 1953, McCarthy began an investigation into the United States Army Signal Corps laboratory at Fort Monmouth. McCarthy's aggressive questioning of Army personnel was damaging to morale, but failed to reveal any sign of the "dangerous spies" that McCarthy alleged to exist. Next McCarthy investigated the case of Irving Peress, an Army dentist who had refused to answer questions in a loyalty-review questionnaire.

As various officers, scientists and other Army staff were subjected to McCarthy's often abusive questioning, Stevens was criticized for capitulating to many of McCarthy's demands and not supporting his men.

Concurrent with these events, McCarthy's chief counsel, Roy Cohn, had been pressuring the Army, including Stevens, to give preferential treatment to his friend G. David Schine, who had recently been drafted. The Army-McCarthy hearings were held to investigate the Army's charge that McCarthy and Cohn were making improper demands on behalf of Schine, and McCarthy's counter charge that the Army was holding Schine "hostage" in an attempt to halt McCarthy's investigations into the Army. During the hearings, McCarthy questioned Stevens for several days. Although Stevens is generally considered to have handled the hearings poorly, it was McCarthy who fared worst in the month-long investigation. The exposure before a television audience of McCarthy's methods and manners during the hearings are credited with playing a major role in his ultimate downfall.

Stevens wanted to resign after the incident but Vice-President Richard Nixon convinced him not to. He left government service in July 1955 and returned to his family textile business. He was active in the leadership of J.P. Stevens and Company until he retired at the age of 70. His children include Bob Stevens from Helena, Montana, J. Whitney Stevens from New York, and Tom Stevens from Florida. The family still owns an est. 45,000-acre (180 km²) cattle ranch called the American Fork in Two Dot, Montana.

He died on January 30, 1983 in Edison, New Jersey.

Notes

Government offices
Preceded by Frank Pace	United States Secretary of the Army February 1953 – July 1955	Succeeded by Wilber M. Brucker