Semen collection

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A breeding mount with built-in artificial vagina used to collect semen from horses for use in artificial insemination
Collecting semen from a boar

Semen collection refers to the process of obtaining semen from male humans or other animals with the use of various methods, for the purposes of artificial insemination, or medical study (usually in fertility clinics). Semen can be collected via masturbation[1] (e. g., from male wolves,[2] dogs[3][4] and foxes[5][6]), prostate massage, artificial vagina, penile vibratory stimulation (vibroejaculation) and electroejaculation.

By species

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Humans

Methods of semen collection from humans include:

  • Masturbation, directing the sample into a clean cup.[7] This is the most common way to collect a semen sample.[7]
  • Sexual intercourse in a special type of condom known as a collection condom.[7] Collection condoms are made from silicone or polyurethane, as latex is somewhat harmful to sperm. Many men prefer collection condoms to masturbation, and some religions prohibit masturbation entirely. Adherents of religions that prohibit contraception may use collection condoms with holes pricked in them.[8] However, such samples are inferior to the ones collected by masturbation in clean cup.[9]
  • Coitus interruptus (withdrawal). With this technique, the man removes his penis from his partner near the end of intercourse and ejaculates into a wide-necked cup or bottle.[7][9]
  • Penile vibratory stimulation (PVS) and electroejaculation are two other alternatives for men with anejaculation due to spinal cord injury.[12] The penile vibratory stimulator is a plier-like device that is placed around the glans penis to stimulate it by vibration, and provides the first-line method for sperm retrieval in spinal cord injury patients with anejaculation.[12]

The best specimen is produced when a short period of 3–5 days of abstinence is observed. More prolonged period does not yield better results.[9]

Cattle

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Canids

Dogs

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In order to collect semen from a male dog, an artificial vagina is prepared,[13][14] which is a conical thin latex sleeve ending in a sterile collection tube. The inside of the latex sleeve is lightly lubricated.[15] The male is allowed to sniff a female in estrus. Experienced studs cooperate readily in the process. New studs often require encouragement in the form of manual stimulation,[4][16] also known as "manual ejaculation".[17][18] Generally the male will mount the female[not in citation given], and the collector quickly directs the dog's penis into the latex sleeve. The male ejaculates and the semen is collected in the tube. The semen is then drawn up into a long thin pipette.[3][17] Prior to ejaculation, the penis is massaged inside its sheath. It is then extruded from its sheath, and the collector massages the dog's erect penis near the base of the bulbus glandis using the thumb and index finger. The dog begins pelvic thrusting movements at the onset of ejaculation.[19]

Wolves

Semen can be collected from a male gray wolf by grasping the wolf's penis with one hand and applying pressure to the wolf's back with the other hand.[2] Semen can also be collected from wolves via manual stimulation[20] or electroejaculation.[21][22][23][24][25]

See also

External links

  • The men's rooms A British journalist takes a closer look at the phenomenon of semen collection.

Bibliography

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Semen collection from rhinoceroses

References

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  3. 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. Silver fox and arctic fox cross-breeding method and semen deposition needle
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  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 Padubidri; Daftary (2011). Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 15e. p. 203. ISBN 9788131225486
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  12. 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. Johnson, Dustie Lee. "Improving semen parameters through modification of semen collection/extension." (2011).
  14. Bartlett, D. J. "Studies on dog semen." Journal of reproduction and fertility 3.2 (1962): 173-189.
  15. Freshman, Joni L. "Semen collection and evaluation." Clinical techniques in small animal practice 17.3 (2002): 104-107.
  16. Vágenknechtová, M., et al. "THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACTORS ON THE QUALITY OF SEMEN COLLECTION AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF SEMEN IN THE DOG (CANIS FAMILIARIS)." ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 59: 0.
  17. 17.0 17.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. Kutzler, Michelle Anne. "Semen collection in the dog." Theriogenology 64.3 (2005): 747-754.
  19. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. Where Do Wolf Babies Come From? - - News - St. Louis - Riverfront Times
  22. Studies on Volf in Electro-ejaculation and Its Semen Characterization » Agricultural Science Paper
  23. Christensen, Bruce W., et al. "Effect of semen collection method on sperm motility of gray wolves ( Canis lupus) and domestic dogs ( C. l. familiaris)." Theriogenology 76.5 (2011): 975-980.
  24. Asa, C. S. "Cryopreservation of Mexican gray wolf semen." Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Assisted Reproductive Technology for the Conservation and Genetic Management of Wildlife. 2001.
  25. Thomassen, Ragnar, and W. Farstad. "Artificial insemination in canids: a useful tool in breeding and conservation." Theriogenology 71.1 (2009): 190-199.