Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (新訳華厳経音義私記?) is a Japanese annotation of the Avatamsaka Sūtra. Dated to 794,[1] it is the oldest Japanese ongi, or collection of difficult to interpret words showing their pronunciation and meaning,[2] and is a National Treasure of Japan.[3]

Background

The text is two fascicles in length.[4][5] The compiler is unknown but is presumed to have related to Tōdai-ji.[3] It is an annotation of the 80-volume Avatamsaka Sūtra. As the original was written in Chinese, the annotation contains a list of words and expressions from the original and glosses them with Japanese readings and meanings. The orthography of the Japanese suggests that it is a late Nara period text.[4][5] However, the manuscript contains a number of errors and is judged to be a copy of an earlier original.[4][5] There is only one known existing manuscript.

Linguistics

The text is viewed as a valuable reference for Old Japanese linguistics.[1][4][5] The Japanese annotations are written in Man'yōgana and, with the exception of /to1, to2/,[4] distinguishes between Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai. It contains a total of 162 Japanese words, many of which are the oldest extant citations.[1][4][5] In addition, it also contains the oldest example of a long vowel[citation needed] as well as a number of Japanese-specific Kan'yō-on readings of kanji.[5]

Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Takeuchi (1962:133-134)
  2. Kindaichi (1988:74)
  3. 3.0 3.1 Yoshida (2001: 128)
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Omodaka (1967: 880-881)
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten (1985: 512-513)

References

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