Social network analysis software

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Social network analysis software (SNA software) is software which facilitates quantitative or qualitative analysis of social networks, by describing features of a network either through numerical or visual representation.

Overview

Networks can consist of anything from families,[1] project teams, classrooms, sports teams, legislatures, nation-states, disease vectors, membership on networking websites like Twitter or Facebook, or even the Internet. Networks can consist of direct linkages between nodes or indirect linkages based upon shared attributes, shared attendance at events, or common affiliations.[2] Network features can be at the level of individual nodes, dyads, triads, ties and/or edges, or the entire network. For example, node-level features can include network phenomena such as betweenness and centrality, or individual attributes such as age, sex, or income.[3] SNA software generates these features from raw network data formatted in an edgelist, adjacency list, or adjacency matrix (also called sociomatrix), often combined with (individual/node-level) attribute data.[4] Though the majority of network analysis software uses a plain text ASCII data format, some software packages contain the capability to utilize relational databases to import and/or store network features.

Some SNA software can perform predictive analysis.[5] This includes using network phenomena such as a tie to predict individual level outcomes (often called peer influence or contagion modeling), using individual-level phenomena to predict network outcomes such as the formation of a tie/edge (often called homophily models[6]) or particular type of triad, or using network phenomena to predict other network phenomena, such as using a triad formation at time 0 to predict tie formation at time 1.

Network analysis software generally consists of either packages based on graphical user interfaces (GUIs), or packages built for scripting/programming languages. In general, the GUI packages are easier to learn, while scripting tools are more powerful and extensible. Widely used and well-documented GUI packages include NetMiner, UCINet, Pajek (freeware), GUESS, ORA, Cytoscape, Gephi and muxViz (opensource). Private GUI packages directed at business customers include: Orgnet, which provides training on the use of its software, Polinode, Keyhubs, KeyLines, KXEN and Keynetiq. Other SNA platforms, such as Idiro SNA Plus, have been specifically developed for particular industries such as telecoms and online gaming where massive data sets need to be analyzed.

Commonly used and well-documented scripting tools used for network analysis include: NetMiner with Python scripting engine, the statnet suite of packages for the R statistical programming language, igraph, which has packages for R and Python, muxViz (based on R statistical programming language and GNU Octave) for the analysis and the visualization of multilayer networks,[7] the NetworkX library for Python, and the SNAP package for large-scale network analysis in C++ and Python. Though difficult to learn, some of these open source packages are growing much faster in terms of functionality and features than privately maintained software, and extensive documentation and tutorials are available.[8]

Visual representations of social networks are important to understand network data and convey the result of the analysis.[9] Visualization often also facilitates qualitative interpretation of network data. With respect to visualization, network analysis tools are used to change the layout, colors, size and other properties of the network representation. All of the tools above contain visualization capabilities. NetMiner, igraph, Cytoscape, muxViz and NetworkX have the highest level of functionality in terms of producing high-quality graphics.

Interactive Data Visualization technology often includes social network analysis capabilities. In this technology, other forms of data visualization are used to interact with social network graphs. These forms of visualization include a variety of charting visualizations, tables, time lines and maps and the ability to display data in any of these forms while also applying functions to explore the data in an interactive user experience. For example, complex social network graphs can be filtered using summary chart visualizations or timelines to isolate portions of the social network graph that are of interest to the analyst. Interactive Data Visualization may also include the ability to integrate data and publish dashboards or templates to report results.

Also worthy of mention are the variety of tools[10] built primarily for network visualization, some of which also contain social network analytic features. These include general purpose visualization tools such as SocNetV and Tulip; tools designed for medical applications such as SocioMetrica; tools designed for law-enforcement and intelligence organizations such as i2 Analyst's Notebook, SilentRunner Sentinel, KeyLines by Cambridge Intelligence, SVAT and Sentinel Visualizer; tools designed for corporations and businesses such as NodeXL, RapidNet, Keyhubs, Idro, Ipoint, Polinode and Sonamine.

Collection of social network analysis tools and Libraries

Product Main Functionality Input Format Output Format Platform License and cost Notes
Hashkat aka '#k@' Agent based simulation of online social networks import from plaintext (user defined rates and agent profiles) Output to Gephi, NetworkX Mac OS X, GNU/Linux Free Software (GPLv3) Dynamical network simulation tool designed to model the growth of and information propagation within an online social network. It is an agent-based, kinetic Monte Carlo engine capable of simulating online networks such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc. It incorporates all elements of online social networks including multiple user profiles (e.g. standard users, organizations, celebrities, and bots), user messaging, trending topics, and advertising.
AllegroGraph Graph Database. RDF with Gruff visualization tool RDF RDF Linux, Mac, Windows Free and Commercial AllegroGraph is a graph database. It is disk-based, fully transactional OLTP database that stores data structured in graphs rather than in tables. AllegroGraph includes a Social Networking Analytics library.
Automap Text-mining network generator Readable text documents .csv and DyNetML Windows Commercial and Student Automap uses speech tagging and proximity analysis to perform network text analysis to create network links among words in text.
EgoNet Ego-centric network analysis Conducts interviews or takes any valid XML file Output to CSV and convertible to almost any other format Any system supporting Java Open Source, seeking contributors Egonet is a program for the collection and analysis of egocentric network data. Egonet contains facilities to assist in creating the questionnaire, collecting the data and providing general global network measures and data matrixes that can be used in further analysis by other software programs.
Commetrix Graph Exploration, Social network analysis (static, dynamic, contents) import from .csv table, mysql database, .cmx commetrix network format file, .xml file (via Commetrix Producer) Output to .csv tables and .jpg screenshots Windows Free Trial Period, Academic License, Commercial License Commetrix is an exploration-oriented social network analysis tool. Its speciality is a link-event based data model, that allows to study static network metrics, but also dynamic network evolution (incl. animated visualization), nodes and relationships can have time stamps, qualitative or quantitative variables, this enables to model different types of nodes and links, users can filter for tie strength, tie type, node type, keywords and text can be stored for relationships and nodes, enabling keyword search
Gephi Graph exploration and manipulation software GraphViz(.dot), Graphlet(.gml), GUESS(.gdf), LEDA(.gml), NetworkX(.graphml, .net), NodeXL(.graphml, .net), Pajek(.net, .gml), Sonivis(.graphml), Tulip(.tlp, .dot), UCINET(.dl), yEd(.gml), Gephi (.gexf), Edge list(.csv), databases GUESS(.gdf), Gephi(.gexf), .svg, .png Any system supporting Java 1.6 and OpenGL Open Source (GPL3), seeking contributors Gephi[11] is an interactive visualization and exploration platform for all kinds of networks and complex systems, dynamic and hierarchical graphs. It is a tool for people that have to explore and understand graphs. The user interacts with the representation, manipulate the structures, shapes and colors to reveal hidden properties. It uses a 3D render engine to display large networks in real-time and to speed up the exploration. A flexible and multi-task architecture brings new possibilities to work with complex data sets and produce valuable visual results.
GraphStream Dynamic Graph Library GraphStream(.dgs), GraphViz(.dot), Graphlet(.gml), edge list GraphStream(.dgs), GraphViz(.dot), Graphlet(.gml), image sequence Any system supporting Java Open Source With GraphStream you deal with graphs. Static and Dynamic.

You create them from scratch, from a file or any source. You display and render them.

Graph-tool Python module for efficient analysis and visualization of graphs. GraphViz(.dot), GraphML GraphViz(.dot), GraphML, .bmp, .canon, .cmap, .eps, .fig, .gd, .gd2, .gif, .gtk, .ico, .imap, .cmapx, .ismap, .jpeg, .pdf, .plain, .png, .ps, .ps2, .svg, .svgz, .tif, .vml, .vmlz, .vrml, .wbmp, .xlib GNU/Linux, Mac Free Software (GPL3) Graph-tool is a python module for efficient analysis of graphs. Its core data structures and algorithms are implemented in C++, with heavy use of Template metaprogramming, based on the Boost Graph Library. It contains a comprehensive list of algorithms.
Graphviz Graph vizualisation software GraphViz(.dot) .bmp, .canon, .cmap, .eps, .fig, .gd, .gd2, .gif, .gtk, .ico, .imap, .cmapx, .ismap, .jpeg, .pdf, .plain, .png, .ps, .ps2, .svg, .svgz, .tif, .vml, .vmlz, .vrml, .wbmp, .xlib Linux, Mac, Windows Open Source (CPL) Graphviz is open source graph visualization framework. It has several main graph layout programs suitable for social network visualization.
Idiro SNA Plus (for telecoms) Telecoms focused, highly scalable, commercial software solution. All databases e.g. Oracle, DB2, Teradata & flat files All databases & flat text files Linux Commercial Idiro SNA Plus is the world's number 1 SNA platform for telecoms.

With Idiro SNA Plus users can do the following:

1. Predict churn - Predict churners and quantify the damage a person would cause if they were to churn

2. Viral marketing - Identify key influencers for viral marketing

3. Identify families units - Identify family units for marketing purposes

4. Acquisition - Identify targets for member-get-member campaigns

5. Rotational churn - Identify rotational churners

InfiniteGraph Highly scalable, distributed Graph Database. SNAP, Gremlin, formatted text files for high speed, parallel loading Gremlin, plus user definable Linux, Mac, Windows Commercial InfiniteGraph is a distributed graph database that can exploit mixed disk, SSD and in-memory algorithms. It is built on a specialized distributed database engine that is optimized for storing objects with large numbers of connections. It supports parallel queries, path definition and link hunting. There is a sample Social Networking Analytics application.
Java Universal Network/Graph (JUNG) Framework network and graph manipulation, analysis, and visualization built-in support for GraphML, Pajek, and some text formats; user can create parsers for any desired format built-in support for GraphML, Pajek, and some text formats; user can create exporters for any desired format Any platform supporting Java Open source (BSD license) JUNG is a Java API and library that provides a common and extensible language for the modeling, analysis, and visualization of relational data. It supports a variety of graph types (including hypergraphs), supports graph elements of any type and with any properties, enables customizable visualizations, and includes algorithms from graph theory, data mining, and social network analysis (e.g., clustering, decomposition, optimization, random graph generation, statistical analysis, distances, flows, and centrality (PageRank, HITS, etc.)). It is limited only by the amount of memory allocated to Java.
Keynetiq An all-in-one cloud-based platform for social and organizational network analysis (SNA/ONA). Data can be collected using a built-in survey module or imported from a CSV file. Data can be exported as a CSV file and converted to almost any other format. Windows, Linux, Mac (web-based) Commercial with free trial A cloud-based social and organizational network analysis platform primarily for management consultants and managers. Modern and easy to use tool designed to capture, visualize and analyze complex networks of formal and informal relations within a community or organization. Highly customizable to fit into various types of SNA and ONA projects. Includes training on the use of the tool.
Mathematica Graph analysis, statistics, data visualization, optimization, image recognition. 3DS, ACO, Affymetrix, AIFF, ApacheLog, ArcGRID, AU, AVI, Base64, BDF, Binary, Bit, BMP, Byte, BYU, BZIP2, CDED, CDF, Character16, Character8, CIF, Complex128, Complex256, Complex64, CSV, CUR, DBF, DICOM, DIF, DIMACS, Directory, DOT, DXF, EDF, EPS, ExpressionML, FASTA, FITS, FLAC, GenBank, GeoTIFF, GIF, GPX, Graph6, Graphlet, GraphML, GRIB, GTOPO30, GXL, GZIP, HarwellBoeing, HDF, HDF5, HTML, ICO, ICS, Integer128, Integer16, Integer24, Integer32, Integer64, Integer8, JPEG, JPEG2000, JSON, JVX, KML, LaTeX, LEDA, List, LWO, MAT, MathML, MBOX, MDB, MGF, MMCIF, MOL, MOL2, MPS, MTP, MTX, MX, NASACDF, NB, NDK, NetCDF, NEXUS, NOFF, OBJ, ODS, OFF, Package, Pajek, PBM, PCX, PDB, PDF, PGM, PLY, PNG, PNM, PPM, PXR, QuickTime, RawBitmap, Real128, Real32, Real64, RIB, RSS, RTF, SCT, SDF, SDTS, SDTSDEM, SHP, SMILES, SND, SP3, Sparse6, STL, String, SurferGrid, SXC, Table, TAR, TerminatedString, Text, TGA, TGF, TIFF, TIGER, TLE, TSV, USGSDEM, UUE, VCF, VCS, VTK, WAV, Wave64, WDX, XBM, XHTML, XHTMLMathML, XLS, XLSX, XML, XPORT, XYZ, ZIP 3DS, ACO, AIFF, AU, AVI, Base64, Binary, Bit, BMP, Byte, BYU, BZIP2, C, CDF, Character16, Character8, Complex128, Complex256, Complex64, CSV, DICOM, DIF, DIMACS, DOT, DXF, EMF, EPS, ExpressionML, FASTA, FITS, FLAC, FLV, GIF, Graph6, Graphlet, GraphML, GXL, GZIP, HarwellBoeing, HDF, HDF5, HTML, Integer128, Integer16, Integer24, Integer32, Integer64, Integer8, JPEG, JPEG2000, JSON, JVX, KML, LEDA, List, LWO, MAT, MathML, Maya, MGF, MIDI, MOL, MOL2, MTX, MX, NASACDF, NB, NetCDF, NEXUS, NOFF, OBJ, OFF, Package, Pajek, PBM, PCX, PDB, PDF, PGM, PLY, PNG, PNM, POV, PPM, PXR, QuickTime, RawBitmap, Real128, Real32, Real64, RIB, RTF, SCT, SDF, SND, Sparse6, STL, String, SurferGrid, SVG, SWF, Table, TAR, TerminatedString, TeX, Text, TGA, TGF, TIFF, TSV, UUE, VideoFrames, VRML, VTK, WAV, Wave64, WDX, WMF, X3D, XBM, XHTML, XHTMLMathML, XLS, XLSX, XML, XYZ, ZIP, ZPR Windows, Macintosh, Linux Commercial Mathematica is a general purpose computation and analysis environment.
muxViz All-in-one Software for Analysis and Visualization of Multilayer Networks .edges (ASCII Plain Text Edges list) ASCII Plain Text Any platform supporting R and GNU Octave Open Source (GPLv3 License) MuxViz is a framework for the multilayer analysis and visualization of networks. It allows an interactive visualization and exploration of multilayer networks, i.e., graphs where nodes exhibit multiple relationships simultaneously. Graphical User Interface is available.
Netlytic Cloud based text & social network analyzer RSS, Google Drive, Twitter, YouTube comments, .csv, .txt .csv, .mds, .dl (UCINET), .net (Pajek) Windows, Linux, Mac Freemium Netlytic allows users to automatically summarize large volumes of text & discover social networks from conversations on social media such as Twitter, YouTube, blogs, online forums & chats. Netlytic can automatically build chain networks & personal name networks, based on who replies to whom & who mentioned whom.
Network Overview Discovery Exploration for Excel (NodeXL) Network overview, discovery and exploration email, .csv (text), .txt, .xls (Excel), .xslt (Excel 2007, 2010, 2013), .net (Pajek), .dl (UCINet), GraphML .csv (text), .txt, .xls (Excel), .xslt (Excel 2007), .dl (UCINet), GraphML Windows XP/Vista/7 Free (Ms-PL) NodeXL is a free and open Excel 2007, 2010, 2013 Add-in and C#/.Net library for network analysis and visualization. It integrates into Excel 2007, 2010, 2013 and adds directed graph as a chart type to the spreadsheet and calculates a core set of network metrics and scores. Supports extracting email, Twitter, YouTube, Facebook, WWW, Wiki and flickr social networks. Accepts edge lists and matrix representations of graphs. Allows for easy and automated manipulation and filtering of underlying data in spreadsheet format. Multiple network visualization layouts. Reads and writes Pajek, UCINet and GraphML files.
NetMiner 4 All-in-one Software for Network Analysis and Visualization .xls(Excel),.xlsx (Excel 2007), .csv(text), .dl(UCINET), .net(Pajek), .dat(StOCNET), .gml; NMF(proprietary) .xls(Excel),.xlsx (Excel 2007), .csv(text), .dl(UCINET), .net(Pajek), .dat(StOCNET), NMF(proprietary) Microsoft Windows Commercial with free trial NetMiner is a software tool for exploratory analysis and visualization of large network data. NetMiner 4 embed internal Python-based script engine which equipped with the automatic Script Generator for unskilled users. Then the users can operate NetMiner 4 with existing GUI or programmable script language.

Main features include : analysis of large networks(+10,000,000 nodes), comprehensive network measures and models, both exploratory & confirmatory analysis, interactive visual analytics, what-if network analysis, built-in statistical procedures and charts, full documentation(1,000+ pages of User's Manual), expressive network data model, facilities for data & workflow management, Python-based Script workbench and user-friendliness.

NetworKit Python package & C++ library for analysis of large networks with focus on parallelism, scalability and interactive workflow. GML, GraphML, Dibap, GraphViz, METIS, SNAP, various edge list formats GML, GraphML, Dibap, GraphViz, METIS, SNAP, various edge list formats Linux, Mac and other Unix systems Open Source (MIT License) NetworKit is an open-source toolkit for high-performance network analysis. It provides efficient tools for the analysis of large networks ranging from thousands to billions of edges. The functionality is comparable to packages such as NetworkX, albeit with a focus on parallelism and scalability.

Algorithms are implemented in C++ and user interaction is provided through Python. The project is in active development and sponsored by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Polinode Online web application for visualizing and analysing network data. Includes integrated data collection functionality Data can either be uploaded directly in Excel, JSON or GEXF format or collected via the included survey functionality Excel, JSON and GEXF (Graph Exchange Format) Windows, Linux, Mac (web-based) Commercial. Free for public networks and for small surveys Polinode is an online platform for organizational and social network analysis. It includes a powerful and easy-to-use integrated visualization component which allows the user to interact with and analyse network data. Advanced network statistics can be calculated and resulting network visualizations may be filtered, coloured and sized by any numerical or categorical metric
NetworkX Python package for the creation, manipulation, and study of the structure, dynamics, and functions of complex networks. GML, Graph6/Sparse6, GraphML, GraphViz (.dot), NetworkX (.yaml, adjacency lists, and edge lists), Pajek (.net), LEDA GML, Gnome Dia, Graph6/Sparse6, GraphML, GraphViz (.dot), NetworkX (.yaml, adjacency lists, and edge lists), Pajek (.net), and assorted image formats (.jpg, .png, .ps, .svg, et al.) Open source (GPL and similar) Free NetworkX (NX) is a toolset for graph creation, manipulation, analysis, and visualization. User interface is through scripting/command-line provided by Python. NX includes a several algorithms, metrics and graph generators. Visualization is provided through pylab and graphviz.

NX is an open-source project, in active development since 2004 with an open bug-tracking site, and user forums. Development is sponsored by Los Alamos National Lab.

ORA (software) Network analysis tool Imports text delimited formats (.csv, .tsv), XML formats including GraphML and DyNetML, Excel formats (.xls, xlsx), and data from other tools such as UCINET, Pajek, and Analyst Notebook. DyNetML (.xml, .dynetml, .zip) Windows Commercial and Student ORA's main compenents involve importing and constructing networks including multi-level and over-time, vizualizing networks, and generating analysis reports.
OrgMapper A comprehensive cloud-based platform for social and organizational network analysis (SNA/ONA). Data can be collected using a built-in survey or imported from an .xlsx Excel file. Data can be exported as an .xlsx, .pdf or .png file. web-based Commercial OrgMapper is a cloud-based social and organizational network analysis platform primarily for diagnosing embedded organizational issues, uncovering communication issues between individuals or units, and identifying individuals who connect departments and products, or are influential to others. It's an automated easy-to-use tool designed to capture, visualize and analyze complex networks of formal and informal relations within a community or organization. OrgMapper has five modules to fit into various types of organizational development projects, and offers a certification program for users to be able to conduct independent analyses.
R Social network analysis within the versatile and popular R environment R will read in almost any format data file R has write capability for most data formats Windows, Linux, Mac Open source R contains several packages relevant for social network analysis: igraph is a generic network analysis package; sna performs sociometric analysis of networks; network manipulates and displays network objects; PAFit can analyse the evolution of complex networks by estimating preferential attachment and node fitness; tnet performs analysis of weighted networks, two-mode networks, and longitudinal networks; ergm is a set of tools to analyze and simulate networks based on exponential random graph models exponential random graph models; Bergm provides tools for Bayesian analysis for exponential random graph models, hergm implements hierarchical exponential random graph models; RSiena allows the analyses of the evolution of social networks using dynamic actor-oriented models; latentnet has functions for network latent position and cluster models; degreenet provides tools for statistical modeling of network degree distributions; networksis provides tools for simulating bipartite networks with fixed marginals; and multiplex offers tools for the analysis of multiple social networks with algebra.
Socilyzer A web-based social network analysis tool which includes data collection, analysis, and visualization. Data can be collected using the built-in survey module, entered manually, or imported as matrices or edgelists and attribute lists. Data can be exported as a CSV file (edgelist) or a VNA file. Windows, Linux, Mac (web-based) Commercial A web-based social network analysis tool primarily for managers and management consultants, however, also used at multiple universities for research and education purposes.
Social Networks Visualizer Social network analysis and visualization application GraphML (.graphml), GraphViz(.dot), Pajek(.net, .gml), GraphViz(.dot), UCINET(.dl), Adjacency sociomatrix (.adj, .txt), Affiliation matrix (.aff, .dat), edge list(.csv) Default format GraphML. Can export to Pajek, Adjacency matrix format, PDF, PNG, JPG Windows, Linux, Mac Open Source A cross-platform graphical application for the analysis and visualization of social networks primarily useful to social researchers. It allows the user to load or create and modify social networks, analyse their social and mathematical properties and apply visualization layouts for relevant presentation in papers etc. Can create known social datasets automatically as well as random networks and small worlds. Computes basic graph properties, such as density, diameter, geodesics and geodesic distances, connectedness, eccentricity, etc. It also calculates advanced structural measures for social network analysis such as centrality and prestige indices (i.e. closeness centrality, betweeness centrality, information centrality, power centrality, proximity and rank prestige), triad census, cliques, clustering coefficient, etc. SocNetV includes a web crawler which can create a social network from pages links.
SocioViz Network overview, influencer discovery and exploration. Twitter scraping. Socioviz read data directly from Twitter API Excel(.csv), Gephi(.gexf) Any system supporting Java Free Socioviz is a web-based Twitter analytics platform powered by Social Network Analysis metrics.

Allows user to query Twitter conversations and find most influential people based on who replies to whom and who mentioned whom. Social Network graphs (user mention and hashtag copresence) are visualized and can be exported in Gephi format (gexf) for further analysis.

SVAT Visual analytics for investigation GraphViz(.dot), Graphlet(.gml), GUESS(.gdf), LEDA(.gml), NetworkX(.graphml, .net), NodeXL(.graphml, .net), Pajek(.net, .gml), Sonivis(.graphml), Tulip(.tlp, .dot), UCINET(.dl), yEd(.gml), Gephi (.gexf), Edge list(.csv), databases - Oracle, MSSQL, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Webservices... GUESS(.gdf), Gephi(.gexf), .svg, .png Any system supporting Java 1.6 and OpenGL Closed source modules, Open Source modules from Gephi Commercial tool based on Gephi.
Tulip Social Network Analysis tool Tulip format (.tlp), GraphViz (.dot), GML, txt, adjacency matrix .tlp, .gml Windows Vista, XP, 7/ Linux / Mac OS LGPL Tulip is an information visualization framework dedicated to the analysis and visualization of relational data. Tulip aims to provide the developer with a complete library, supporting the design of interactive information visualization applications for relational data that can be tailored to the problems he or she is addressing.
UCINET Social network analysis and visualization DL, Excel, VNA, Pajek, Text DL, Excel, Pajek, Mage, Metis, VNA from netdraw. Windows Commercial and Student with free trial period. UCINET is a comprehensive social network analysis tool which comes with the integrated visualization tool Netdraw (available free separately). It has a comprehensive help system. Methods include centrality measures, subgroup identification, role analysis, elementary graph theory, and permutation-based statistical analysis. In addition, the package has strong matrix analysis routines, such as matrix algebra and multivariate statistics.
visone Visual Social Network Analyses and Exploration many formats many formats Windows, Linux, Mac OS (Java based) Free (also for commercial use) visone is a software for the analysis and visualization of social networks. It is currently developed by Algorithmics group at the University of Konstanz.
Wolfram Alpha Graph analysis, time series analysis, categorical data analysis Facebook API Many formats Web service Free Wolfram Alpha is a general computational knowledge engine answering queries on many knowledge domains. Give it the input "Facebook report" and it will answer queries on analysis of your social network data,[12][13]

See also

References

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