Srednekolymsk
| Srednekolymsk (English) Среднеколымск (Russian) Орто Халыма (Yakut) |
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| - Town[1] - Town under district jurisdiction[1] |
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_Republic_(2008-03).svg) Location of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia |
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 Srednekolymsk
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| Town Day | September 15[citation needed] |
| Administrative status (as of June 2009) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic[1] |
| Administrative district | Srednekolymsky District[1] |
| Town | Srednekolymsk[1] |
| Administrative center of | Srednekolymsky District,[1] Town of Srednekolymsk[1] |
| Municipal status (as of April 2012) | |
| Municipal district | Srednekolymsky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Srednekolymsk Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Srednekolymsky Municipal District,[3] Srednekolymsk Urban Settlement[2] |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Yury Yudin[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 3,525 inhabitants[4] |
| Time zone | SRET (UTC+11:00)[5] |
| Founded | 1644[1] |
| Town status since | 1775[citation needed] |
| Previous names | Srednekolymsk,[citation needed] Yarmanka (until 1775)[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 678790, 678799 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41156[citation needed] |
| [[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Srednekolymsk]] on Wikimedia Commons | |
| 2010 Census | 3,525[4] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 3,587[7] |
| 1989 Census | 4,489[8] |
| 1979 Census | 3,309[9] |
Srednekolymsk (Russian: Среднеколы́мск; Yakut: Орто Халыма, Orto Xalıma) is a town and the administrative center of Srednekolymsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Kolyma River, 1,485 kilometers (923 mi) northeast of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 3,525.[4]
Contents
History
When the Russians arrived in the 1640s, they built three forts on the Kolyma: Nizhnekolymsk, Srednekolymsk, and Verkhnekolymsk (i.e., lower, middle, and upper Kolymsk). They were about three days sled journey apart. Nizhnekolymsk was on the delta near the route to Anadyrsk. Srednekolymsk was at the head of navigation by seagoing koches, in forested country for good fur trapping and on the overland route to the Indigirka River. Verkhnekolymsk was smaller and upriver. The first fort (ostrog) was founded in 1644[1] by Mikhail Stadukhin.[citation needed] Some[who?] say that this was Nizhnekolymsk, but Fisher[10] thinks that the original fort was Srednekolymsk and that the main Russian center was moved to Nizhnekolymsk by 1655 when the Anadyrsk route became important.
At some point the name was changed to Yarmanka, from the Russian word for "fair", referring to the annual gatherings of indigenous inhabitants of the area here in spring. The settlement grew over the next century, and was granted town status and its present name in 1775.[citation needed] In Imperial times, it was a destination for political exiles.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Srendekolymsk serves as the administrative center of Srednekolymsky District.[1] As an inhabited locality, Srednekolymsk is classified as a town under district jurisdiction.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the selo of Lobuya), incorporated within Srednekolymsky District as the Town of Srednekolymsk.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Srednekolymsk is incorporated within Srednekolymsky Municipal District as Srednekolymsk Urban Settlement.[2]
Economy and infrastructure
The town is largely reliant on farming of reindeer, hunting for pelts, and fishing.
Transportation
The town is served by the Srednekolymsk Airport (IATA: SEK). In the summer, river transport takes place, and in the winter, land transport can be performed on the ice.
Climate
Srednekolymsk has a dry subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc/Dfd) with mild, sometimes hot, even very hot, but short summers and extremely brutal winters with almost no snowfall. The winter lasts from October until May and temperatures rise rapidly enough for Siberian larch trees to be able to grow during the fleeting summer, before falling rapidly again in August and September. Temperatures often do not exceed 0 °C (32 °F) between late September and early May.
| Climate data for Srednekolymsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) |
−14 (7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
12.2 (54) |
28.4 (83.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
36.0 (96.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−8 (18) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −34.4 (−29.9) |
−30.9 (−23.6) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.9 (66) |
14.8 (58.6) |
7.1 (44.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−31.7 (−25.1) |
−8 (18) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −37.9 (−36.2) |
−34.8 (−30.6) |
−26.7 (−16.1) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−1.1 (30) |
11.2 (52.2) |
13.9 (57) |
10.1 (50.2) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−11.1 (12) |
−27.2 (−17) |
−35.1 (−31.2) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −41.4 (−42.5) |
−38.7 (−37.7) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−38.5 (−37.3) |
−17.1 (1.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −59 (−74) |
−60 (−76) |
−54 (−65) |
−51 (−60) |
−30 (−22) |
−11 (12) |
−2 (28) |
−6 (21) |
−13 (9) |
−36 (−33) |
−49 (−56) |
−58 (−72) |
−60 (−76) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.51) |
9 (0.35) |
7 (0.28) |
6 (0.24) |
8 (0.31) |
25 (0.98) |
32 (1.26) |
27 (1.06) |
17 (0.67) |
16 (0.63) |
15 (0.59) |
13 (0.51) |
188 (7.39) |
| Source: Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System[11] | |||||||||||||
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #173-Z #353-III
- ↑ Law #172-Z #351-III
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Raymond H. Fisher. The Voyage of Semon Dezhnev, 1981
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Sources
- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Srednekolymsky District. (Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №172-З №351-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1535-З №597-V от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 1 и 2 Закона Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #172-Z No. 351-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1535-Z No. 597-V of November 27, 2015 On Amending Articles 1 and 2 of the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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