Szabolcs County

Szabolcs County
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
11th century–1918
Coat of arms
Location of Szabolcs
Capital		Nyíregyháza
History
•	Established	11th century
•	Disestablished	1918
Area
•	1910	4,637 km2 (1,790 sq mi)
Population
•	1910	319,818
	Density	69 /km2  (178.6 /sq mi)
Today part of		Hungary, Ukraine

Szabolcs was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nyíregyháza.

Geography

Szabolcs county shared borders with the counties Borsod, Zemplén (Zemplín), Ung, Bereg, Szatmár, Bihar and Hajdú. It was situated mostly south of the river Tisza. Its area was 4637 km² around 1910.

History

Szabolcs is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. After World War I, it was merged with a very small part of former Ung County to form Szabolcs-Ung county, with capital Nyíregyháza. But, villages of Eszeny (Esen) Szalóka (Solovka) and Tiszaágtelek (Tisaahtelek) at Tisza district were passed to Czechoslovakia. These villages were returned to Hungary between 1938 and 1944 but were passed to Soviet Union in 1945. Now, they are part of Ukraine after 1991. After World War II, the county was merged with the Hungarian parts of Szatmár and Bereg counties to form Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county. Some parts of Szabolcs county (around Polgár and north-east of Debrecen) are now in Hajdú-Bihar county.

Demographics

1880

In 1880, the county had a population of 214,008 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:

Total:

• Hungarian: 186,529 (87,16%)
• Slovak: 13,087 (6,12%)
• German: 1,781 (0,83%)
• Ruthenian: 1,698 (0,79%)
• Romanian: 1,665 (0,78%)
• Serbian and Croatian: 7 (0,00%)
• Other or unknown: 9,241 (4,32%)

According to the census of 1880, the county was composed of the following religious communities:

Total:

• Calvinist: 84,674 (39,57%)
• Roman Catholic: 54,920 (25,66%)
• Greek Catholic: 39,829 (18,61%)
• Jewish: 20,119 (9,40%)
• Lutheran: 14,055 (6,57%)
• Greek Orthodox: 346 (0,16%)
• Unitarian: 7 (0,00%)
• Other or unknown: 58 (0,03%)

1900

In 1900, the county had a population of 288,672 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:

Total:

• Hungarian: 285,023 (98,7%)
• Slovak: 2,066 (0,7%)
• German: 796 (0,3%)
• Ruthenian: 156 (0,1%)
• Romanian: 73 (0,0%)
• Croatian: 14 (0,0%)
• Serbian: 8 (0,0%)
• Other or unknown: 53 (0,2%)

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:

Total:

• Calvinist: 110,942 (38,4%)
• Roman Catholic: 80,509 (27,9%)
• Greek Catholic: 56,515 (19,6%)
• Jewish: 23,277 (8,1%)
• Lutheran: 17,239 (6,0%)
• Greek Orthodox: 128 (0,0%)
• Unitarian: 9 (0,0%)
• Other or unknown: 53 (0,0%)

1910

File:Szabolcs ethnic map.png

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).

In 1910, the county had a population of 319,818 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:

Total:

• Hungarian: 316,765 (99,0%)
• Slovak: 1,117 (0,3%)
• German: 868 (0,3%)
• Romanian: 212 (0,1%)
• Ruthenian: 194 (0,1%)
• Croatian: 15 (0,0%)
• Serbian: 7 (0,0%)
• Other or unknown: 640 (0,2%)

According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:

Total:

• Calvinist: 121,396 (38,0%)
• Roman Catholic: 90,560 (28,3%)
• Greek Catholic: 63,353 (19,8%)
• Jewish: 25,316 (7,9%)
• Lutheran: 18,924 (5,9%)
• Greek Orthodox: 164 (0,1%)
• Unitarian: 12 (0,0%)
• Other or unknown: 93 (0,0%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Szabolcs county were:

Districts (járás)
District	Capital
Dada alsó	Tiszalök
Dada felső	Gáva
Kisvárda	Kisvárda
Ligetalja	Nyíracsád
Nagykálló	Nagykálló
Nyírbakta	Nyírbakta
Nyírbátor	Nyírbátor
Nyírbogdány	Kemecse
Tisza	Mándok
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Nyíregyháza