Tiagabine

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Tiagabine
Tiagabine.svg
Tiagabine3DanJ.gif
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(R)-1-[4,4-Bis(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)but-3-enyl] piperidine-3-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Pronunciation /tˈæɡəbn/
Trade names Gabitril
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a698014
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Legal status
Routes of
administration
Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 90%
Protein binding 96%
Metabolism Hepatic (CYP450 system)
Biological half-life 7-9 hours
Excretion Fecal and renal
Identifiers
CAS Number 115103-54-3 YesY
ATC code N03AG06 (WHO)
PubChem CID: 60648
IUPHAR/BPS 4685
DrugBank DB00906 YesY
ChemSpider 54661 YesY
UNII Z80I64HMNP YesY
KEGG D08588 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:9586
ChEMBL CHEMBL1027 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C20H25NO2S2
Molecular mass 375.55 g/mol
  • O=C(O)[C@H]1CN(CCC1)CC/C=C(/c2sccc2C)c3sccc3C
  • InChI=1S/C20H25NO2S2/c1-14-7-11-24-18(14)17(19-15(2)8-12-25-19)6-4-10-21-9-3-5-16(13-21)20(22)23/h6-8,11-12,16H,3-5,9-10,13H2,1-2H3,(H,22,23)/t16-/m1/s1 YesY
  • Key:PBJUNZJWGZTSKL-MRXNPFEDSA-N YesY
  (verify)

Tiagabine (brand name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsive medication. The medication is also used in the treatment of panic disorder, as are a few other anticonvulsants.[citation needed] It is produced by Cephalon

Medical uses

Tiagabine is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures in ages 12 and up. It may also be prescribed off-label by physicians to treat anxiety disorders and neuropathic pain (including fibromyalgia). For anxiety and neuropathic pain, tiagabine is used primarily to augment other treatments. Tiagabine may be used alongside SSRIs, SNRIs, or benzodiazepines for anxiety, or antidepressants, gabapentin, anticonvulsants or opiates for neuropathic pain.[1]

Side effects

Tiagabine's most common side effects include confusion, difficulty speaking clearly/stuttering, mild sedation, and in doses over 8 mg, a tingling sensation (paresthesia) in the body's extremities, particularly the hands and fingers. Tiagabine may induce seizures in those without epilepsy, especially if they are taking another drug which lowers the seizure threshold.[1]

Tiagabine overdose can produce neurologic symptoms such as lethargy, seizures (multiple), status epilepticus, seizure (single), coma, confusion, agitation, tremors, dizziness, dystonias/abnormal posturing, and hallucinations. Other symptoms of tiagabine overdose include respiratory depression, tachycardia, hypertension, and hypotension. Overdose may be fatal especially if the victim presents with severe respiratory depression and/or fails to respond to verbal and physical stimuli. Emergency medical services should be sought immediately for any overdose.[citation needed]

Pharmacology

Tiagabine increases the level of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system by blocking the GABA transporter and hence is classified as a GABA reuptake inhibitor.[2]

History

The drug was discovered at Novo Nordisk in Denmark in 1988 by a team of medicinal chemists and pharmacologists under the general direction of Claus Bræstrup.[3] The drug was co-developed with Abbott Laboratories, in a 40/60 cost sharing deal, with Abbott paying a premium for licensing the IP from the Danish company.[citation needed]

Abbott did initially embrace the drug enthusiastically after its US launch in 1998, and provided further clinical studies with the goal of gaining FDA approval for monotherapy in epilepsy. However, the senior management at Abbott drew back after realizing that the original deal with Novo would limit the company's financial gain from a monotherapy approval. After a period of co-promotion, Cephalon licensed tiagabine from Abbott/Novo and now is the exclusive producer.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Stahl, S. Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Prescriber's Guide. Cambridge University Press: New York, NY. 2009. pp. 523-526
  2. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links