Timeline of extinctions in the Holocene

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This timeline of extinctions is an historical account of species that have become extinct during the time that modern humans have occupied the earth.

The following is a selective list made by sampling a very small proportion of some of the well-known extinct species in the recent history. For a more elaborate list see List of extinct animals. Also see Holocene extinction for more information.

10th millennium BCE

9th millennium BCE

8th millennium BCE

7th millennium BCE

6th millennium BCE

5th millennium BCE

4th millennium BCE

3rd millennium BCE

Cape lion

2nd millennium BCE

1st millennium BCE

1st millennium CE

2nd millennium CE

11th century

  • c. 1000 - Extinction of four species of moa-nalo on the Hawaiian Islands. The moa-nalo were large ducks and the island's major herbivores.[citation needed]

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

  • 1627 - The last known aurochs died in Poland. This large wild cattle formerly inhabited much of Europe, northern Africa, the Middle East, central Asia, and India.[8]
  • c. 1660 - The giant vampire bat survived in Argentina until about this time.[4]
  • 1662 - The last definite sighting of a Mauritius dodo was made.[5] The extinction was due to hunting, but also by the pigs, rats, dogs and cats brought to the island by settlers. The species has become an iconic symbol of animal extinction.[9]
    The moa was one of the largest birds that ever existed.
  • The elephant bird Aepyornis maximus was last recorded around the end of the 17th century.[7]

18th century

19th century

Quagga

20th century

1900s

1910s

  • 1910 - The Usambara annone from Tanzania no longer grows in the tropical forests.
  • 1911 - The last Newfoundland wolf was shot.[15]
  • 1914 - The last passenger pigeon died in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo. Excessive hunting contributed to its extinction; it was formerly one of the world's most abundant birds.[19]
  • 1918 - The last Carolina parakeet died in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo. The bird, formerly inhabiting the southeastern United States, was driven to extinction by exploitation, deforestation, and competition with introduced bees.[20]
The thylacine was exterminated into extinction.

1920s

1930s

The great auk was hunted for its down until its extinction around 1844.

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

3rd millennium CE

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21st century

2000s

  • 2000 - "Celia", the last Pyrenean ibex, was found dead on January 6, 2000. However, in 2009, a female was cloned back into existence, but died shortly after birth due to defects in the lungs.
  • 2003 - The last individual from the St. Helena olive, which was grown in cultivation, dies off. The last plant in the wild had disappeared in 1994.[citation needed]
  • 2006 - A technologically sophisticated survey of the Yangtze River failed to find specimens of the baiji dolphin, prompting scientists to declare it functionally extinct.[28]
  • 2008 - The Liverpool pigeon (Caloenas maculata) is thought to have become extinct.[citation needed]

2010s

See also

References

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  4. 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 4.45 4.46 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  8. Tikhonov, A. 2008. "Bos primigenius", iucnredlist.org; downloaded October 9, 2011.
  9. Raphus cucullatus at the Recently Extinct Animals website
  10. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. BirdLife International (2008). "Prosobonia leucoptera (Tahitian Sandpiper)", iucnredlist.org; retrieved February 29, 2012.
  12. IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2008). "Hippotragus leucophaeus (Bluebuck, Blue Buck)", iucnredlist.org; retrieved February 29, 2012.
  13. BirdLife International (2008). "Pinguinus impennis (Great Auk)", iucnredlist.org; retrieved February 29, 2012.
  14. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 Wolves, wolfhowl.org; accessed April 27, 2016.
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  18. Bunzel-Drüke, Finck, Kämmer, Luick, Reisinger, Riecken, Riedl, Scharf & Zimball: "Wilde Weiden: Praxisleitfaden für Ganzjahresbeweidung in Naturschutz und Landschaftsentwicklung
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  22. Tirira, D., Dowler, R., Boada, C. & Weksler, M. (2008). "Nesoryzomys darwini", iucnredlist.org; retrieved October 10, 2011.
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