Transport in Hungary
Contents
Railways
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- Total: 7,606 km
- Broad gauge: 36 km 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 27⁄32 in) gauge
- Standard gauge: 7,394 km 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) gauge (2,911 km electrified; 1,236 km double track)
- Narrow gauge: 176 km 760 mm (2 ft 5 15⁄16 in) gauge (1998)
Note: Hungary and Austria jointly manage the cross-border standard-gauge railway between Győr–Sopron–Ebenfurt (GySEV/ROeEE), a distance of about 101 km in Hungary and 65 km in Austria.
In Budapest, the three main railway stations are the Eastern (Keleti), Western (Nyugati) and Southern (Déli), with other outlying stations like Kelenföld. Of the three, the Southern is the most modern but the Eastern and the Western are more decorative and architecturally interesting.
Other important railway stations countrywide include Szolnok (the most important railway intersection outside Budapest), Tiszai Railway Station in Miskolc and the stations of Pécs, Győr, Debrecen, Szeged and Székesfehérvár.
The only city with an underground railway system is Budapest with its Metro.
In Budapest there is also a suburban rail service in and around the city, operated under the name HÉV.
Roads
- Total: 159,568 km
- Paved: 70,050 km (including 1515 km of motorways, as of 2011)
- Unpaved: 89,518 km (2005 est.)
Motorways
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Motorways (Hungarian: Autópálya) : M0 - M1 - M15 - M2 - M3 - M30 - M31 - M35 - M43 - M5 - M6 - M60 - M7 - M70 - M85 - M86
New motorway sections are being added to the existing network, that already connects many major economically important cities to the capital.
Bus transport
Bus transport between municipalities was provided by Volán Companies, twenty-four bus companies founded in 1970 and named after the regions they served. They also provided local transport in cities and towns that did not have their own public transport company (all cities except for Budapest, Miskolc, Pécs, Kaposvár and also Debrecen after 2009), and operated bus lines in cities where the local company operated only tram and trolley bus lines (Szeged and Debrecen, the latter until 2009, when DKV took over the bus lines). In early 2015 the 24 companies were organized into seven regional companies.
Waterways
1,373 km permanently navigable (1997)
Ports and harbors
The most important port is Budapest, the capital. Other important ones include Dunaújváros and Baja.
Merchant marine
- Total: 2 ships (with a volume of 1,000 gross register tons (GRT) or over) totaling 12,949 GRT/14,550 tonnes deadweight (DWT)
- Ships by type: cargo ship 2 (1999 est.)
Pipelines
- Crude oil 1,204 km
- Natural gas 4,387 km (1991)
Airports
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There are 43-45 airports in Hungary, including smaller, unpaved airports, too. The five international airports are Budapest-Liszt Ferenc, Debrecen Airport, Hévíz–Balaton International Airport (previously Sármellék, also called FlyBalaton for its proximity to Lake Balaton, Hungary's number one tourist attraction), Győr-Pér and Pécs-Pogány (as of 2015. there are no regular passenger flights from Győr-Pér and Pécs-Pogány). Malév Hungarian Airlines ceased operations in 2012.
Airports with paved runways
- Total: 16
- Over 3,047 m: 2
- 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
- 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
- 914 to 1,523 m: 1
- Under 914 m: 1 (1999 est.)
Airports with unpaved runways
- Total: 27
- 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
- 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
- 914 to 1,523 m: 12
- Under 914 m: 7 (1999 est.)
Heliports
Hungary has five heliports.[1]
Transport in cities
Transport companies of cities
- BKV (Budapest) (buses, trams, trolley buses and metro)
- DKV (Debrecen) (buses, trams & trolley buses)
- MVK Zrt. (Miskolc) (buses and trams)
- SzKT (Szeged) (trams & trolley buses only; buses belong to Tisza Volán)
- PK Rt. (Pécs) (buses)
- KT Rt. (Kaposvár) (buses)
In the rest of the cities and towns local transport is provided by Volán companies that also provide intercity bus lines.
Trams and light rail
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The busiest traditional city tram line in the world is still route 4/6 in Budapest, where 50-meter long trains run at 60 to 90 second intervals at peak time and are usually packed with people. A part of this route is the same as where electric trams made their world first run in 1887. Budapest has recently ordered 40 Siemens Combino Supra low floor trams. Trams began carrying the passengers on the 1 July 2006 but during the first weeks there were many technical difficulties.
Cities with tram lines
- Budapest (since November 28, 1887)
- Miskolc (since July 10, 1897)
- Szeged (since October 1, 1908)
- Debrecen (since March 16, 1911)
Cities with former tram lines
- Szombathely (1897–1974)
- Sopron (1900–1923)
- Nyíregyháza (1905–1969)
- Pécs (1913 – August 31, 1960)
There were some towns, where narrow gauge railways were used as tram lines or interurban lines (for example: Sárospatak, Sátoraljaújhely, Békéscsaba, Békés, Cegléd). These lines were closed in the 1970s.
See also
- Hungary
- Hungarian State Railways
- List of airports in Hungary
- List of motorways in Hungary
- Suburban railway lines in Budapest
References
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