Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-First, Twenty-Second, Twenty-Third, Twenty-Fourth and Twenty-Fifth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Third Intermediate Period.

The 22nd dynasty is also known as the Bubastite Dynasty, since the pharaohs originally ruled from the city of Bubastis. It was founded by Shoshenq I.

Rulers

The known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twenty-Second Dynasty are as follows:

Twenty-Second Dynasty pharaohs

Pharaoh	Throne name	Reign (BC)	Consort(s)	Comments
Shoshenq I	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	943–922 BC	Patareshnes Karomama A	possibly to be identified with the biblical Shishaq
Osorkon I	Sekhemkheperre-Setepenre	922–887 BC	Maatkare B Tashedkhonsu Shepensopdet A
Shoshenq II	Heqakheperre-Setepenre	887–885 BC	Nesitanebetashru Nesitaudjatakhet	enjoyed an independent reign of 2 Years at Tanis according to Von Beckerath
Takelot I	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	885–872 BC	Kapes
Osorkon II	Usermaatre-Setepenamun	872–837 BC	Isetemkheb G Karomama B Djedmutesankh	an ally of Israel who fought Shalmaneser III of Assyria at the battle of Qarqar in 853 BC.
Shoshenq III	Usermaatre-Setepenre	837–798 BC	Tadibast II Tentamenopet Djedbastiusankh
Shoshenq (IV)"quartus"	Hedjkheperre-Setepenre	798–785 BC		not to be confused with Shoshenq VI; the original Shoshenq IV in publications before 1993
Pami	Usermaatre-Setepenamun	785–778 BC		buried two Apis bulls in his reign
Shoshenq V	Akheperre	778–740 BC	Tadibast III?
Pedubast II	Sehetepibenre	740–730 BC	Tadibast III?	Not mentioned in all King lists, placement disputed
Osorkon IV	Usermaatre	730–716 BC		Not always listed as a true member of the XXII Dynasty, but succeeded Shoshenq V at Tanis. The biblical Pharaoh So.

The kings of the Twenty-Second Dynasty of Egypt were a series of Meshwesh Libyans who ruled from c. 943 BC until 720 BC. They had settled in Egypt since the Twentieth Dynasty. Manetho states that the dynasty originated at Bubastis, but the kings almost certainly ruled from Tanis, which was their capital and the city where their tombs have been excavated.

Another king who belongs to this group is Tutkheperre Shoshenq, whose precise position within this dynasty is currently uncertain although he is now thought to have ruled Egypt early in the 9th century BC for a short time between Osorkon I and Takelot I. The so-called Twenty-Third Dynasty was an offshoot of this dynasty perhaps based in Upper Egypt, though there is much debate concerning this issue. All of its kings reigned in Middle and Upper Egypt including the Western Desert Oases. The next ruler at Tanis after Shoshenq V was Osorkon IV but this king is sometimes not believed to be a member of the 22nd Dynasty since he only controlled a small portion of Lower Egypt together with Tefnakhte of Sais—whose authority was recognised at Memphis—and Iuput II of Leontopolis.

See also

• Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt Family Treede:Dritte Zwischenzeit (Ägypten)#22. Dynastie