USS Caloosahatchee (AO-98)

300px Caloosahatchee in 1988
History
United States
Name:	USS Caloosahatchee
Namesake:	The Caloosahatchie River in southwest Florida
Ordered:	as T3-S2-A3 tanker hull; MC hull 2560
Laid down:	30 November 1944
Launched:	2 June 1945
Commissioned:	10 October 1945
Decommissioned:	28 February 1990
Struck:	18 July 1994
Fate:	Transferred to the Maritime Administration, 18 December 1998. Sold for scrap to Able UK and towed to Hartlepool UK, 2003. Scrapping complete, April 2010.
General characteristics
Class & type:	Cimarron-class oiler
Displacement:	7,470 t.(lt) 25,450 t.(fl) as built 16,500 t. (lt) 36,500 t.(fl) Jumboized
Length:	553 ft (169 m) as built 664 ft (202 m) Jumboized
Beam:	75 ft (23 m)
Draught:	32 ft (9.8 m)
Propulsion:	steam turbines, four boilers, two shafts, 13,500 shp (10,100 kW) , twin screws, 30,400 hp (22,700 kW).
Speed:	18 knots
Capacity:	Liquid 8,000,000 gallons, Ordnance cargo cap. 400 tons, Provision cargo cap. 525 tons (Support for 3,000 men for 30 days)
Complement:	22 officers, 335 enlisted
Armament:	one single 5-inch/38 dual purpose gun mount; four single 3-inch/50 dual purpose gun mounts; four twin 40mm AA gun mounts; four twin 20mm AA gun mounts

USS Caloosahatchee (AO-98) was a Cimarron-class fleet oiler constructed for the U.S. Navy for use in World War II but commissioned too late for service in that conflict. However, she had a lengthy career during the Cold War that followed. She was the only U.S. Navy ship to bear the name Caloosahatchee, after the Caloosahatchee River in southwest Florida.

Caloosahatchee (AO-98) was launched 2 June 1945 by Bethlehem Steel-Sparrows Point Shipyard, Inc., Sparrows Point, Maryland, under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. C. L. Andrews; acquired by the Navy 10 October 1945; commissioned the same day, Commander H. R. Livingston, USNR, in command; and reported to Commander, Service Force, Atlantic Fleet.

Cold War operations

Caloosahatchee cruised off the U.S. East Coast, transporting oil and fueling ships at sea, and made a voyage to Iceland from Norfolk, Virginia, during her first two years of operations. On 14 August 1947, she sailed for her first tour of duty with the U.S. 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean, a deployment that marked almost every year of her operations from that time into 1960.

File:CV-47 AO-98 DD-823 1948.jpg

Caloosahatchee fueling Leyte and Samuel B. Roberts in 1948.

In this era when the U.S. Navy had perfected at-sea replenishment to greatly increase mobility, flexibility and efficiency, Caloosahatchee played a key role in increasing the enormous power for peace represented by the mighty U.S. 6th Fleet.

Among other widespread operations, Caloosahatchee participated in NATO Operation Mariner off Greenock, Scotland, from 16 September to 20 October 1953, and provided summer training for future naval officers in midshipman cruises to Le Havre, France, in 1954, and to Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1956. In fall 1957 and again in summer 1958, the oiler sailed with forces calling at ports in England, Scotland, France, and Portugal.

Caloosahatchee's constant readiness for emergency deployments or other challenges to her operational capability was developed and maintained through training operations along the east coast, and participation in such large-scale Atlantic Fleet exercises as Operation Springboard held in the Caribbean, which operations continued through 1960.

Between 1966 and 1968 Caloosahatchee, along with her sister ships Ashtabula and Canisteo, underwent "jumboization". A 27 m (400-foot) midsection, built entirely new from the keel up, was inserted and welded between her original bow and stern. This replaced the old 310-foot midsection and increased the vessel's liquid cargo capacity by over one-third. Her new configuration closely resembled that of a more modern type of ship, the replenishment oiler. Caloosahatchee was recomissioned on 27 September 1969 and assigned to Service Squadron 2 (SERVRON 2), homeported in Newport, Rhode Island (USA).

File:USS Caloosahatchee (AO-98) after jumboisation 1968.jpg

Caloosahatchee being undocked after her lengthening, 1968.

During September 1970, Caloosahatchee participated in the naval blockade off the coast of Lebanon during the Black September in Jordan. The conflict was fought between the two major components of the Jordanian population, the Palestinians represented by the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) under the leadership of Yasser Arafat and the native Jordanians represented by the Jordanian Armed Forces under the leadership of King Hussein. In 1974 USS CALOOSAHATCHE was transferred to Bethlehem shipyard for 7 month overhaul. Upon approaching dock facilities, ship struck dockside chock, thus bending starboard shaft, ship spent 7 month effecting repairs to starboard shaft. In addition twin screws were transported by truck to replace existing, worn out screws. By February 1975, Caloosahatchee changed homeport to Norfolk, Virginia and was transferred SERVRON 4. She deployed to the Mediterranean Sea via the North Atlantic, North Sea, and Baltic Sea. She again deployed to the Mediterranean Sea in 1977-1978, visiting Marseille, France and Palermo, Sicily.1975 USS Caloosahatchee(AOJ-98) involved in collision. USS Inchon to port, USS Hermitage to starboard in Mediterranean. Suffered gash to port side along with loss to port anchor. Shoring party effected repairs. USS Caloosahatchee to proceed to Genoa, Italy to effect repairs to ensure seaworthiness. Due to Navy stand down orders, Caloosahatchee proceeded to Naples Italy to finish repairs. Spent approximately one and one half months in Naples for repairs. Unknown when in 1976 returned to active duty. In approach to Naples crew was called to man the rails as USS Belknap was being towed state-side for repairs. Class "A" uniform was required as Belknap proceeded eastbound on our starboard side. Personally,(I was) phone talker on fantail during collision. Post collision, reported to Damage Control Central (port side aft office) LCDR Barron had assumed duties as Chief Engineer upon LCDR Supersano's being placed on Administrative Leave following accident at Craney Island fuel spill prior to deployment to Mediterranean with 6th fleet. CDR Thomas F.Brown III commanding (later promoted to Rear Admiral Upper Half). Also late 1975 USS Mississinewa had been in collision with USS Saratoga off the coast of Florida. During the same time frame USS Denebola collided with French merchant ship in the Bay of Biscay. In addition USS Albany collided with the Yorktown Bridge (Virginia) en route to load ordinance. The main catastrophe occurred while USS Belknap was leap-frogging the USS JFK and 11 sailors were eventually killed. I was assigned to USS CALOOSAHATCHE (AOJ-98) as Legal Yeoman, my collateral duty was to Engineering Log Room and during General Quarters assigned to Damage Control Central. In addition USS CALOOSAHATCHE (AOJ-98) was temporarily assigned to 2nd Fleet for operations off coast Norway eventually transiting the Artic Circle. During the Mediterranean cruise, CALOOSAHSTCHEE visited, Palma, Majorca, Rota, Spain, Brest, France, Liverpool, UK, Loch Striven and Loch Ewe Scotland and eventually Naples, Itlay for approximate one and one half months. In 1978, Caloosahatchee underwent an eight-month major extended regular overhaul in Brooklyn, New York City. Following overhaul and after refresher training in August 1979, Caloosahatchee in departed a month later with Commander United States Second Fleet Northern Europe and NATO exercises to be conducted in the North Atlantic, North Sea, and the Baltic Sea where the oiler replenished 116 ships. In 1980, Caloosahatchee participated in various exercises, which involved two deployments to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba and a five-month deployment to the Mediterranean Sea. Over 170 replenishments were completed in 1980, a new record for the ship. In the following year, the oiler deployed to the Caribbean and for six months to the Mediterranean Sea.

During 1988, Caloosahatchee made her last deployment to the Mediterranean Sea, where she recorded 191 underway replenishments. In 1989, she participated in exercise UNITAS XXX and crossed the equator.

Decommissioning and disposal

Caloosahatchee at Hartlepool, in 2004.

Caloosahatchee was decommissioned on 28 February 1990, and was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 18 July 1994. She was transferred to the Maritime Administration on 18 December 1998 for lay up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, James River, Fort Eustis, Virginia. Caloosahatchee was sold for scrapping to Able UK, Hartlepool, Teesside, UK, and removed from the Reserve Fleet under tow, arriving in the United Kingdom on 12 November 2003.

Caloosahatchee and three other decommissioned Navy ships, Canisteo, Canopus and Compass Island all arrived at Able UK under the same contract and came to be known as the "Hartlepool Four". Local protests and legal challenges, alleging unacceptable amounts of toxic substances contained on and in the vessels, delayed scrapping until Able UK secured the appropriate waste management licensing in August 2008. Scrapping of Caloosahatchee commenced in November 2009 and was complete by April 2010.

Military awards and honors

Caloosahatchee’s crew were authorized the following medals:

• SecNav Letter of Commendation (1)
• Navy Unit Commendation
• American Campaign Medal
• World War II Victory Medal
• National Defense Service Medal (2)
• Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (1-Cuba, 1-Dominican Republic, 1-Grenada)

References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.

External links

• Photo gallery of Caloosahatchee at NavSource Naval History
• Official Website of Caloos Veterans