United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807

United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807

Dates vary by state
11 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 18 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Party Democratic-Republican Federalist Last election 27 seats (79.4%) 7 seats (20.6%) Seats before 27 (79.4%) 7 (20.6%) Seats won 28 (82.4%) 6 (17.6%) Seat change 1 1 Seats up 9 2
Majority party before election Democratic-Republican Elected Majority party Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate election of 1806 and 1807 were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party increase its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional Senator. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (7 out of 34, or 21%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Senate Party Division, 10th Congress (1807–1809)

• Majority Party: Democratic-Republican (28)

• Minority Party: Federalist (6)

• Other Parties: 0

• Total Seats: 34

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR7	DR6	DR5	DR4	DR3	DR2	DR1
DR8	DR9	DR10	DR11	DR12	DR13	DR14	DR15	DR16	DR17
Majority →									DR18
DR27	DR26	DR25	DR24	DR23	DR22	DR21	DR20	DR19
F7	F6	F5	F4	F3	F2	F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR7	DR6	DR5	DR4	DR3	DR2	DR1
DR8	DR9	DR10	DR11	DR12	DR13	DR14	DR15	DR16	DR17
Majority →									DR18
DR27 Hold	DR26 Hold	DR25 Hold	DR24 Re-elected	DR23 Re-elected	DR22 Re-elected	DR21 Re-elected	DR20 Re-elected	DR19 Re-elected
DR28 Gain	F6 Re-elected	F5	F4	F3	F2	F1

Key:	DR# Democratic-Republican F# Federalist V# Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1806 or before March 4, 1807; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Georgia (Class 3)	James Jackson	Democratic-Republican	1793 (Class 2) Resigned in 1795 1801	Incumbent died March 19, 1806. Winner elected June 19, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky (Class 3)	John Adair	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 18, 1806 after losing the election to the next term. Winner elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional age minimum. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Henry Clay (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland (Class 3)	Robert Wright	Democratic-Republican	1801 (Special)	Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 (as well as to the next term, see below). Winner elected November 25, 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1807; ordered by state.

All the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Connecticut	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Uriah Tracy (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia	John Milledge	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Kentucky	Henry Clay	Democratic- Republican	1806 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ John Pope (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Maryland	Philip Reed	Democratic- Republican	1797 (Special)	Incumbent elected November 25, 1806, as well as being elected to finish the preceding term.	√ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New Hampshire	William Plumer	Federalist	1802 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected in 1807. Democratic-Republican gain.	√ Nahum Parker (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
New York	John Smith	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Smith (Democratic-Republican), Unopposed
North Carolina	David Stone	Democratic- Republican	1800	Incumbent retired to return to the State Superior Court, and then resigned early (February 17, 1807) Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ohio	Thomas Worthington	Democratic- Republican	1803	Incumbent retired.[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Winner elected in 1806. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Edward Tiffin (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Pennsylvania	George Logan	Democratic- Republican	1801 (Appointed) 1801 (Special)	Incumbent retired. Winner elected. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Andrew Gregg (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
South Carolina	John Gaillard	Democratic- Republican	1804 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Gaillard (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vermont	Stephen R. Bradley	Democratic- Republican	1791 Lost in 1795 1801 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Stephen R. Bradley (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

Special elections during the next Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1807 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Vermont (Class 1)	Israel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1803	Incumbent resigned October 1, 1807. Winner elected October 10, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Connecticut (Class 3)	Uriah Tracy	Federalist	1796 (Special) 1801 1807	Incumbent died July 19, 1807. Winner elected October 25, 1807. Federalist hold.	√ Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Rhode Island (Class 2)	James Fenner	Democratic-Republican	1805	Incumbent resigned September 1807. Winner elected October 26, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ Elisha Mathewson (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Georgia (Class 2)	George Jones	Democratic-Republican	1807 (Appointed)	Predecessor Abraham Baldwin (DR) had died March 4, 1807. Incumbent appointee did not seek election. Winner elected November 7, 1807. Democratic-Republican hold.	√ William H. Crawford (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]

See also

• 9th United States Congress
• 10th United States Congress
• United States House of Representatives elections, 1806

References

• Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov