William Guarnere

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William Guarnere
File:Bill guarnere 506e.jpg
Guarnere during World War II
Nickname(s) "Wild Bill", "Gonorrhea"
Born (1923-04-28)April 28, 1923
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Allegiance  United States of America
Service/branch Seal of the United States Department of War.png United States Army
Years of service 1942–1945
Rank US Army WWII SSGT.svg Staff sergeant
Unit Easy Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division
Battles/wars World War II
Awards Silver Star Medal
Bronze Star (w. OLC)
Purple Heart (1OLC)
Good Conduct Medal
European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal w/ three service stars and arrow device
World War II Victory Medal
Presidential Unit Citation (w/ OLC)[1]
Relations Frances (wife)
Henry (brother, deceased-1944)
Other work Author, veterans organization member
Website http://www.wildbillguarnere.com/

William J. Guarnere (28 April 1923 – 8 March 2014) was a United States Army soldier who fought in World War II as a non-commissioned officer with Easy Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, in the U.S. Army's 101st Airborne Division.

Guarnere wrote Brothers in Battle, Best of Friends: Two WWII Paratroopers from the Original Band of Brothers Tell Their Story with long-time friend Edward "Babe" Heffron and journalist Robyn Post in 2007. Guarnere was portrayed in the 2001 HBO miniseries Band of Brothers by Frank John Hughes.

Early life and education

Guarnere was born in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 28 April 1923,[2] the youngest of 10 children, to Joseph and Augusta Guarnere, who were of Italian origin.[3] He joined the Citizens Military Training Camp (CMTC) program during the Great Depression. Guarnere's mother told the government her son was 17 when he was, in fact, only 15. He spent three summers in the CMTC, which took four years to complete. His plan upon completion of training was to become an officer in the United States Army. Unfortunately, after his third year, the program was canceled due to the war in Europe.

Following the attack on Pearl Harbor and six months before graduation, Guarnere left South Philadelphia High School and went to work for Baldwin Locomotive Works, making Sherman tanks for the Army. This upset his mother, because none of her other children had graduated from high school. Guarnere switched to the night shift and returned to school, earning his diploma in 1942. Because of his work, he had an exemption from military service.[4]

However, on 31 August 1942,[5] Guarnere enlisted in the U.S. Army Airborne and started training at Camp Toccoa, Georgia.

Career

Guarnere was assigned to Easy Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division. He made his first combat jump on D-Day as part of the Allied invasion of France.

Guarnere earned the nickname "Wild Bill" because of his reckless attitude towards the enemy. He was also nicknamed "Gonorrhea", a play on the his Italian last name, as was depicted in Band of Brothers. He displayed strong hatred for his enemy, since his elder brother, Henry Guarnere, had been killed fighting in the Italian campaign at Monte Cassino.[6]

Guarnere lived up to his "Wild Bill" nickname. A terror on the battlefield, he fiercely attacked the Germans when he came into contact with them. In the early hours of 6 June, he joined Lieutenant Richard Winters and a few others trying to secure the small village of Sainte-Marie-du-Mont and the exit of causeway number 2 leading from the beach. As they headed south, they heard a German platoon coming to bring supplies and took up ambush positions. Winters told the men to wait for his order to fire, but Guarnere was eager to avenge his brother. Claiming he thought Winters might be hesitant to kill, he opened fire immediately with withering blasts from his Thompson SMG, killing most of the unit.[7]

Later that morning, he was also eager to join Winters in assaulting a group of four 105mm Howitzers at Brécourt Manor. Winters declared Guarnere as Second Platoon Sergeant as the 11 or 12 men attacked about 50 Germans. The attack was later used as an example of how a squad could attack a vastly larger force in a defensive position.[8]

Guarnere was wounded in mid-October 1944, while Easy Company was securing the line on "The Island" on the south side of the Rhine. As the sergeant of Second Platoon, he had to go up and down the line to check on and encourage his men, who were spread out over a distance of about a mile. While driving a motorcycle that he had stolen from a Dutch farmer across an open field, he was shot in the right leg by a sniper. The impact knocked him off the motorcycle, fractured his right tibia, and lodged some shrapnel in his right buttock. He was sent back to England on 17 October.[9]

While recovering from injuries, he didn't want to be assigned to another unit, so he put black shoe polish all over his cast, put his pants leg over the cast, and walked out of the hospital in severe pain. He was caught by an officer, court-martialed, demoted to private, and returned to the hospital. He told them he would just go AWOL again to rejoin Easy Company. The hospital kept him a week longer and then sent him back to the Netherlands to be with his outfit.[10][11]

He arrived at Mourmelon-le-Grand, just outside Reims, where the 101st was on R and R (rest and recuperation), about 10 December, just before the company was sent to the Battle of the Bulge in Belgium, on December 16. Because the paperwork did not arrive from England about his court-martial and demotion, he was reinstated in his same position.[11]

While holding the line just up the hill south west of Foy, a massive artillery barrage hit the men in their position. Guarnere lost his right leg in the incoming barrage while trying to help his wounded friend Joe Toye (who could not get up because he had also lost his right leg). This injury ended Guarnere's participation in the war.[12]

Guarnere received the Silver Star for combat during the Brecourt Manor Assault on D-Day, and was later decorated with two Bronze Stars and two Purple Hearts, making him one of only two Easy Company members (the other being Lynn Compton) to be awarded the Silver Star throughout the duration of the war while a member of Easy Company. A third man, Gerald J. Loraine (27 March 1913—19 May 1976),[13][14] received the Silver Star for his participation on D-Day, but he was a member of Service Company, 506th, not a member of Easy Company.[citation needed]

In his autobiography, Beyond Band of Brothers: Memoirs of Major Richard Winters, Richard Winters referred to Ronald Speirs and Guarnere as "natural killers". In making those statements about both men, Winters expressed respect, not negativity.[15][16]

Awards and decorations

CombatInfantry.png

Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Arrowhead
Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze star

Cp2j.jpg

Badge
Combat Infantryman Badge (2 awards)
1st Row
Silver Star Medal
Bronze Star Medal with oak leaf cluster
Purple Heart with one oak leaf cluster
2nd Row
Army Presidential Unit Citation with one oak leaf cluster
Army Good Conduct Medal
European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with 3 service stars and arrowhead device
3rd Row
World War II Victory Medal
Croix de guerre with palm
French Liberation Medal
Badge
Parachutist Badge with 2 combat jump stars

Later life

Guarnere returned to the United States in March 1945 and took on many odd jobs. He wore an artificial right leg until he was able to secure full disability from the Army, then threw away the limb and retired. He became an active member of many veterans organizations, and presided over many Easy Company reunions.[17]

After returning home from Europe, Guarnere married his girlfriend Frances Peca (d. 1997) and had two sons, Eugene and William Jr.[18] Eugene would follow his father's footsteps and briefly served in Vietnam. At the time of his death, Guarnere had nine grandchildren and fourteen great-grandchildren.[6]

Guarnere wrote Brothers in Battle, Best of Friends: Two WWII Paratroopers from the Original Band of Brothers Tell Their Story with Edward Heffron and Robyn Post, outlining Easy Company's experiences. The book was published by Berkley Publishing Group, Penguin Books, in 2007.

Guarnere also wrote a short piece for Silver Eagle: the official biography of Band of Brothers veteran Clancy Lyall, which was used as the afterword. British publisher Pneuma Springs Publishing released the book in March 2013.

Death

Guarnere died of a ruptured aneurysm at Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia on 8 March 2014. He was 90 years old.[19][20] He is survived by his two sons, nine grandchildren and fourteen great-grandchildren.

Guarnere was honored by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania with a half-staff flag order by Pennsylvania Governor Tom Corbett to celebrate his life and military service.[21][22]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, p.87.
  3. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, pp.4-5.
  4. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, p.6.
  5. ↑ Guarnere, William J.. - Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 - 1946 (Enlistment Records). - U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, pp.62-64.
  8. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, pp.64-70.
  9. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, p.141.
  10. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, p.142.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Guarnere and Heffron, p.150.
  12. ↑ Guarnere and Heffron, pp.184-187.
  13. ↑ Loraine, Gerald J. - Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 - 1946 (Enlistment Records). - U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
  14. ↑ California Death Records. - SSN: 552-09-1839. - The California Department of Health Services Office of Health Information and Research vital Statistics Section.
  15. ↑ Winters, p.88.
  16. ↑ Winters, p.185.
  17. ↑ Ambrose, Stephen E. (1992). Band of Brothers. New York: Touchstone Books; p. 296.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Bibliography

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Further reading

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External links

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