Zhoushan Island

Zhoushan (舟山市)

Native name: 舟山岛
Zhoushan Island (China)
Geography
Location	East China Sea
Coordinates
Archipelago	Zhoushan Islands
Area
Length	44 km (27.3 mi)
Width	18 km (11.2 mi)
Highest elevation	503.6 m (1,652.2 ft)
Country
China
Province	Zhejiang Province
Demographics
Population	440000
Density	875.36 /km2 (2,267.17 /sq mi)

Zhoushan Island
Simplified Chinese	舟山岛 or 浙江省舟山市
Postal	Chusan Island
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhōushān Dǎo Wade–Giles Chou1-shan1 Tao3 Wu Romanization Tseu平se平 toh去

Zhoushan Island (Chinese: 舟山岛) is the principal island of the namesake archipelago Zhoushan Islands, administered by Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, the People's Republic of China. Its name means "Boat Mountain", in reference to its shape. It is the province's largest island, and third largest in mainland China (after Hainan and Chongming Islands). The island is the district seats of both Dinghai and Putuo.

When referred to as a port, the Port of Zhoushan (舟山市) refers to the prefecture level city consisting of Zhoushan island as well as the other nearby outlying islands, in Zhejiang province (浙江省). The former name of Zhoushan was Dinghai (Chinese: 定海). The Port of Zhoushang is a popular port for bulk carriers.

Geography

The Changhai Channel is a channel dividing Changbai Island and Zhoushan Main Island

At 30° N. 122° E., it lies northwest to southeast, and has a circumference of 170.16 km (105.73 mi), with a maximum length of 44 km (27 mi), and a maximum width of 18 km (11 mi). Its area is 502.65 km² (including tidal zone). At its closest point, it is 9.1 kilometres from the Chinese mainland. The tallest point is 503.6 metres.

The island has varied range of landscape, with hill and dale, as well as watered with numerous small streams, of which the most considerable is the Dongjiang (East River), passing into the harbour of Dinghai. There are several hundred ports around the islands, separated into three areas: Dinghai Port Zone, Shen-jia-men Port Zone (沈家门港区), and Laotangshan Port Zone (老塘山港区). The tourism regions include the regions of Shen-jia-men and Dinghai.

Subdivisions

440 000 people, mostly Han, in 150 000 households live in the following 17 subdivisions of Dinghai and Putuo Districts on Zhoushan Island:

10 sub-districts: Jiefang (解放, local dialect: Kafo), district seat of Dinghai Changguo (昌国, Tshokoh), old municipal seat of Zhoushan Huannan (环南, Guenei) Chengdong (城东, Djinton) Yancang (盐仓, Yitsho) Lincheng (临城, Lindjin), new municipal seat of Zhoushan Shenjiamen (沈家门, Shinkomen), district seat of Putuo Goushan (勾山, Keusae) Donggang (东港, Tonko) Zhanmao (展茅, Cimao)

6 towns: Baiquan (白泉, Bahdzoe) Shuangqiao (双桥, Sodjio) Ma'ao (马岙, Mo'ao) Cengang (岑港, Dzenko) Ganshilan (干石览, Kilae) Xiaosha (小沙, Shioso) 1 township: Beichan (北蝉, Pohzoe)

Historic sites

A number of significant sites and monuments on the island are popular tourist attractions.

On the peak of Qinglong Mountain there is a memorial tablet dedicated to those killed during wars. Dinghai has a number of sites related to the Opium War:

• Opium War Memorial Park (鸦片战争纪念公园)
• Shrine of the Three Loyalists (三忠祠): commemorates generals Ge Yunfei, Zheng Guohong (鄭國鴻) and Wang Ximing (王錫朋), who were killed in action.
• The Tablet of the Martyring Site of Lord Yao (姚公殉难处碑)
• The Tablet of the Martyring Site of Mr. Li (义士李先生殉难处碑)
• The Cannon Platform from the Fortress of Zhengyuan (震远城炮台)
• Remnants of the Town of Daotou (道头土城)

There also those about the Ming-Qing contention:

• The Realm of Tonggui (同归域/同歸域, literally "The Realm where [All Are] Reunited in the Journey [to the Hereafter]"), built in 1651 to bury the unidentified remains of anti-Qing resistant fighters and civilians who died during the battles.
• The Well of Imperial Yuan Consort of the Prince of Lu (鲁王元妃宫井), where a Southern Ming queen leapt to her death as the fall of the Ming was imminent.

Other sites include:

• Zuyin Temple (祖印寺), a Chan Buddhist place of worship and meditation with a lineage dating back to 940, when a monastery on the nearby island of Qúshan (衢山) named the Haven of Penglai (蓬莱院) was founded. The monks moved to the current location in the 1230s.
• Sanmao Memorial Museum (三毛祖居纪念馆), dedicated to a popular Taiwanese author of Mainlander origin.