Arthur Wharton

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Arthur Wharton
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Personal information
Date of birth (1865-10-28)28 October 1865
Place of birth Ghana
Date of death Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Place of death Edlington, South Yorkshire, England
Position(s) Goalkeeper/Winger
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1885–1886 Darlington 1
1886–1888 Preston North End 2 (1)
1889–1894 Rotherham Town 0 (0)
1894–1895 Sheffield United 1 (0)
1895–1897 Stalybridge Rovers 4 (1)
1897–1899 Ashton North End 1 (0)
1899–1901 Stalybridge Rovers 1 (0)
1901–1902 Stockport County 6 (2)
*Club domestic league appearances and goals

Arthur Wharton (28 October 1865 – 13 December 1930) is widely considered to be the first black professional association football player in the world.[1][2][3] Though not the first black player outright - the amateur, and Scotland international player, Andrew Watson predated him[1] - Wharton was the first black professional and the first to play in the Football League.

Early life, ancestry and early career

Wharton was born in Jamestown, Gold Coast (now Accra, Ghana). His father Henry Wharton was Grenadian, while his mother, Annie Florence Egyriba was a member of the Fante Ghanaian royalty.[4] Wharton moved to England in 1882 at age 19, to train as a Methodist missionary, but soon abandoned this in favour of becoming a full-time athlete.[1]

He was an all-round sportsman - in 1886, he equaled the amateur world record of 10 seconds for the 100-yard sprint in the AAA championship.[3] He was also a keen cyclist and cricketer, playing for local teams in Yorkshire and Lancashire. However, Wharton is best remembered for his exploits as a footballer; while he was not the first mixed-race footballer in the United Kingdom — leading amateurs Robert Walker and Scotland international Andrew Watson predate him — he was the first mixed-race footballer to turn professional.[3]

Football career

File:Arthur Wharton 1886.jpg
Wharton (seated second from left on front row) while playing for Darlington F.C. (1885-86)

Wharton started as an amateur playing as a goalkeeper for Darlington, where he was spotted by Preston North End.[5] He joined them as an amateur, and was part of the team that reached FA Cup semi-finals in 1886-87.[5] Though part of "The Invincibles" of the 1880s,[6] he left Preston in 1888 to concentrate on his running, and thus was not part of the team that subsequently won the Double in 1888-89.[5]

He returned to football in 1889, joining Rotherham Town, signing as a professional. In 1890 he married Emma Lister (1866-1944) at Rotherham in Yorkshire.[7] By 1891 he was the landlord of the Albert Tavern in Rotherham.[8]

In 1894 he moved to Sheffield United, though he was understudy to regular first-team goalkeeper William "Fatty" Foulke.[3] During the 1894-95 season, Wharton played three games for Sheffield United, against Leicester Fosse, Linfield and Sunderland — the latter being a First Division game, making Wharton the first mixed race player to play in the top flight.[3]

In 1895 he left for Stalybridge Rovers but after falling out with the management moved to Ashton North End in 1897, where he opened a tobacconist shop in Ashton-under-Lyne.[9] Ashton went bankrupt in 1899, and he returned to Stalybridge Rovers, before seeing out his career playing for Stockport County of the Second Division in 1901-02.[5] As well as playing in goal, he would also occasionally feature outfield as a winger. He never won a major honour in the game during his career, nor was he capped at international level.

Legacy

File:Arthur Wharton later.jpg
Arthur Wharton in later years

Having developed a drink problem,[1][10] Wharton retired from football in 1902 and found employment as a colliery haulage worker at the Yorkshire Main Colliery in Edlington. By 1911 he was employed as a collier and living in a rented room in Moorthorpe, West Yorkshire.[11] On his death in 1930 he was buried in an unmarked pauper's grave. The grave was given a headstone in 1997 after a campaign by anti-racism campaigners Football Unites, Racism Divides. In 2003 Wharton was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in recognition of the impact he made on the game. A campaign to have a statue erected in Darlington as well as in Rotherham to acknowledge Wharton's achievements has gained wide support within the professional game.[12][13] In 2012, a small statue of Wharton was presented to Sepp Blatter at the headquarters of FIFA, where it will be on permanent display.[14] On 16 October 2014, a statue honouring Wharton was unveiled at St George's Park National Football Centre.[15]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ England & Wales, Free BMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915 for Emma Lister - Ancestry.com pay to view
  8. ↑ 1891 England Census for Arthur Wharton - Ancestry.com pay to view
  9. ↑ 1901 England Census for Arthur Wharton - Ancestry.com pay to view
  10. ↑ Chris Webber, "Black football pioneers from Arthur Wharton to Viv Anderson and beyond", The Observer, 30 August 2009.
  11. ↑ South Elmsall History Society
  12. ↑ Arthur Wharton Foundation.
  13. ↑ "Arthur Wharton: Campaign to honour football pioneer", BBC News, 7 January 2013.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Further reading

  • Phil Vasili, The First Black Footballer, Arthur Wharton, 1865-1930: an absence of memory, Frank Cass, 1998 (ISBN 0-7146-4903-1)
  • Phil Vasili Colouring Over the White Line. The History of Black Footballers in Britain (ISBN 1-84018-296-2)

External links

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