Francisco de Melo

For the Portuguese writer, see Dom Francisco Manuel de Mello.

Francisco de Melo
Francisco de Melo as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
Born	? 1597 Estremoz
Died	18 December 1651 Madrid
Allegiance	Spain
Service/branch	Spanish Army
Years of service	1638-1645
Rank	Captain General
Battles/wars	Thirty Years' War Catalan Revolt

Dom Francisco de Melo (1597 – 18 December 1651) was a Portuguese nobleman and general.

Biography

Melo was born in Estremoz, Portugal.

He was marquis of the Portuguese Tor de Laguna, count of Assumar, and, from 1641 to 1644, interim governor of the Southern Netherlands.

When Francisco de Melo came to the Southern Netherlands, he already had an impressive political career. From 1632 to 1636 he had been Spanish ambassador to the Republic of Genoa. In 1638 he was appointed viceroy of Sicily, and two years later he was ambassador in Vienna.

Above all, Francisco de Melo is remembered for the historical defeat at the battle of Rocroi in 1643. In later years this defeat has been regarded as one of the key steps in the decline of the Spanish empire. Don Francisco's victory at the Battle of Honnecourt one year earlier has been almost completely forgotten.

Preceded by Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand	Governor-General of the Spanish Netherlands 1641–1644	Succeeded by Marquis of Castel Rodrigo
Preceded by Luis Guillermo de Moncada, 7th Duke of Montalto	Viceroy of Sicily 1639–1641	Succeeded by Juan Alfonso Enríquez de Cabrera