Malin Head
Malin Head (Irish: Cionn Mhálanna), is located on the Inishowen Peninsula, County Donegal, Ireland and is the most northerly point of the island of Ireland. The northernmost tip is the headland named Banba's Crown located at latitude 55.38ºN.[1] Malin Head gives its name to the Malin sea area. There is a weather station on the head, which is one of 22 such stations whose reports are broadcast as part of the BBC Shipping Forecast.
Banba's Crown on Malin Head is the most northerly point of the Irish mainland.[2] Banba was one of the mythical queens of Ireland. Banba's Crown is about 16 km (10 mi) north of the village of Malin. The island of Inishtrahull is further north, located approximately 10 km (6 mi) north east of Malin Head. Further north still is the most northerly landfall of Ireland, Tor Beg rock.
Locality
To the north east Inistrahull Island can be seen. The first lighthouse on the island was put into operation in 1813, and the light flashes every 30 seconds.
Above Banba's Crown to the east lies Ballyhillion beach, a unique raised beach system of international scientific importance.[citation needed] The very distinct shorelines show the changing relationship between the sea and the land from the time the glaciers began to melt, some 15,000 years ago. At that time County Donegal was depressed by the weight of an immense ice sheet, so the level of the sea, relative to today's shore, was up to 80 feet higher than today.
Climate
| Climate data for Malin Head (1981-2010, extremes 1885–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.4 (57.9) |
15.0 (59) |
19.0 (66.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.2 (81) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.1 (80.8) |
28.9 (84) |
22.8 (73) |
17.6 (63.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
28.9 (84) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 8.1 (46.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
10.8 (51.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.1 (59.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
17.0 (62.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
8.6 (47.5) |
12.2 (54) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.9 (42.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
6.9 (44.4) |
8.3 (46.9) |
10.5 (50.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
8.2 (46.8) |
6.4 (43.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 3.6 (38.5) |
3.5 (38.3) |
4.4 (39.9) |
5.8 (42.4) |
7.8 (46) |
10.3 (50.5) |
12.1 (53.8) |
12.3 (54.1) |
10.9 (51.6) |
8.5 (47.3) |
6.1 (43) |
4.2 (39.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−5.0 (23) |
−3.9 (25) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
0.0 (32) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 117.4 (4.622) |
84.8 (3.339) |
85.9 (3.382) |
63.1 (2.484) |
56.9 (2.24) |
69.1 (2.72) |
76.8 (3.024) |
93.2 (3.669) |
91.8 (3.614) |
118.4 (4.661) |
104.5 (4.114) |
114.2 (4.496) |
1,076 (42.362) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 22 | 18 | 20 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 226 |
| Average snowy days | 5.1 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 3.8 | 20.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 15:00 LST) | 80.8 | 77.0 | 77.1 | 75.7 | 75.7 | 78.7 | 80.6 | 79.8 | 77.5 | 77.6 | 79.7 | 81.3 | 78.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 37.2 | 65.0 | 93.0 | 153.0 | 201.5 | 165.0 | 142.6 | 136.4 | 111.0 | 80.6 | 45.0 | 34.1 | 1,264.4 |
| Source: Met Éireann[3][4][5] | |||||||||||||
Wartime use
A military watchtower was built at Banba's Crown in 1805, during the Napoleonic Wars. Around 1902, a signal station was also built at Banba's Crown, quite close to the old Napoleonic watchtower. Both of these buildings still stand.
During World War II, the Irish Government allowed the British Government to site two radio direction finders on Malin Head. This top-secret operation was mentioned in The Cranborne Report. The RDF equipment was used to monitor U-Boat and aerial activity in the North Atlantic.
After the war, the site became a weather station for the Met Éireann and a Navtex transmitting station.
Ornithology
Malin Head is an ideal vantage point from which to view the autumnal movements of seabirds such as gannets, shearwaters, skuas, auks and others, on their southward migration flights.
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Gallery
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View of the rugged coast around the Head.
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Low tide beneath the cliffs at Malin Head.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.. |
References
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