Narcissus tazetta
| Paperwhite, Joss flower Bunch-flowered Narcissus Chinese Sacred Lily, |
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| File:Narcissus-tazetta-0006a.jpg | |
| Narcissus tazetta in Israel | |
Scientific classification  |
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Amaryllidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Amaryllidoideae |
| Genus: | Narcissus |
| Species: |
N. tazetta
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| Binomial name | |
| Narcissus tazetta |
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Narcissus tazetta (paperwhite, bunch-flowered narcissus, Bunch-flowered Daffodil,[1] Chinese sacred lily, cream narcissus, joss flower, polyanthus narcissus) is a perennial ornamental plant that grows from a bulb. Cultivars of N. tazetta include 'Paperwhite', 'Grand Soleil d'Or' and 'Ziva', which are popularly used for forcing indoors, as is the form of N. tazetta known as Chinese Sacred Lily.[2][3][4]
Contents
Description
Narcissus tazetta is amongst the tallest of the narcissi, and can grow to a height of up to 80 cm,[5] with thin, flat leaves up to 40 cm long and 15 mm wide. Umbels have as many as 8 flowers, white with a yellow corona.[6][7][8][9][10]
Taxonomy
Subspecies
Six subspecies are accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families:[11]
- N. tazetta subsp. aureus (Jord. & Fourr.) Baker[12] – south-east France, Sardinia, north-west Italy, Algeria, Morocco
- N. tazetta subsp. canariensis (Burb.) Baker[13] – Canary Islands
- N. tazetta subsp. chinensis (M.Roem.) Masam. & Yanagih.[14][15] – south-east China, Japan, South Korea
- N. tazetta subsp. corcyrensis (Herb.) Baker[16] – Corfu (Greece)
- N. tazetta subsp. italicus (Ker Gawl.) Baker[13] syn. N. italicus – Mediterranean from southern France to Greece
- N. tazetta subsp. tazetta – widely distributed from the western Mediterranean to Afghanistan
Ecology
Narcissus tazetta contains a fragrant compound found in only a few other plants, including roses and Acnistus arborescens, called orcinol dimethyl ether, which is almost undetectable to the human nose. Experiments with honeybees have shown they can readily detect it.[17]
Distribution
Narcissus tazetta is a widespread species, native to the Mediterranean region from Portugal to Turkey and across the Middle East , Central Asia , Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bhutan, as well as the Canary Islands, China (Fujian, Zhejiang) and Japan. It is also naturalized in Australia, Korea, Norfolk Island, New Zealand, Bermuda, Mexico and the United States (Oregon, California, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia)[18] and South America.[19]
Uses
Narcissus tazetta is grown commercially for its essential oil, mostly in southern France. An interspecies hybrid, with Narcissus poeticus, is also grown for its essential oil. A recent medicinal use is that a certain protein known as lectin has antiviral properties against influenza. This is based on a dose-dependent manner. The antiviral property results from the fact that it can inhibit RSV during the viral infection cycle and so the problem could not spread. The antiviral activity of the certain lectin group protein will usually have a greater effect during the earlier stages of the influenza. It has little cytotoxicity and great potential as an antiviral agent, so it has potential for further use in biotechnology research in the future.[20]
Further reading
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References
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Books
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Articles
- Rivka Dulberger. Flower Dimorphism and Self-Incompatibility in Narcissus tazetta L. Evolution Vol. 18, No. 3 (Sep., 1964), pp. 361-363
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Databases
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Narcissus tazetta. |
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 290 Narcissus tazetta
- ↑ Haworth, Adrian Hardy. 1819. Supplementum Plantarum Succulentarum 142, Hermione tazetta
- ↑ Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1848. Flora Telluriana 4: 21 Jonquilla tazetta
- ↑ Rouy, Georges C. Chr. 1912. Flore de France 13: 40 Narcissus linnaeanus
- ↑ Sessé y Lacasta, Martín & Mociño, José Mariano. 1894. Flora Mexicana ed. 2: 85 Pancratium tazetta
- ↑ Search for "Narcissus tazetta", Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Baker, John Gilbert. 1888. Handbook of the Amarylldaceae p 9
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Baker, John Gilbert. 1888. Handbook of the Amarylldaceae p 8
- ↑ Flora of China v 24 p 269, Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis, common name 水仙 shui xian
- ↑ Masamune, Genkei & Yanagihara, Masayuki. 1941. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa 31: 329.
- ↑ Baker, John Gilbert. 1888. Handbook of the Amarylldaceae p 7
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Kew Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Chile Flora
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Pages with reference errors
- Pages with broken file links
- Taxoboxes with no color
- Commons category link is defined as the pagename
- Narcissus (plant)
- Garden plants
- Flowers
- Plants described in 1753
- Flora of China
- Flora of Eastern Asia
- Flora of Macaronesia
- Flora of Central Asia
- Flora of North Africa
- Flora of Southeastern Europe
- Flora of Southwestern Europe
- Flora of Western Asia
