Calochortus nuttallii
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| Calochortus nuttallii Sego lily |
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C. nuttallii
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| Calochortus nuttallii |
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Calochortus nuttallii, with the common name sego lily, is a bulbous perennial which is endemic to the Western United States.
It is the state flower of Utah.[2]
Contents
Distribution
The plant is native to a number of western states including Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.[3]
Description
Calochortus nuttallii are around 15–45 cm (6–18 inches) in height and have linear leaves.[3]
Plants have 1 to 4 flowers, each with 3 white petals (and 3 sepals) which are tinged with lilac (occasionally magenta) and have a purplish band radiating from the yellow base. A yellow petaled form with deep purple bands is known from Petrified Forest National Park.[4] The plant blooms in early summer, with flowers that can be up to 3 inches across.[5][6]
Taxonomy
Calochortus nuttallii is a species within the genus Calochortus, in a sub-group generally referred to as Mariposa Lilies. The specific epithet nuttallii, named for the English botanist and zoologist, Thomas Nuttall, was ascribed to the species by the American botanists John Torrey and Asa Gray when it was officially described in 1857.
A number of former varieties of Calochortus nuttallii have been reclassified as distinct species:
- Calochortus nuttallii var. aureus (S.Watson) Ownbey is currently Calochortus aureus S.Watson
- Calochortus nuttallii var. australis Munz is currently Calochortus invenustus Greene
- Calochortus nuttallii var. bruneaunis (A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.) Ownbey is currently Calochortus bruneaunsis A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.
- Calochortus nuttallii var. leichtlinii (Hook.f.) Smiley is currently Calochortus leichtlinii Hook.f.
- Calochortus nuttallii var. panamintensis Ownbey is currently Calochortus panamintensis (Ownbey) Reveal
- Calochortus nuttallii var. subalpinus M.E.Jones is currently Calochortus leichtlinii Hook.f
Uses
Culinary
Native Americans had culinary uses for the bulbs, seeds, and flowers of the plant. Bulbs were roasted, boiled, or made into a porridge by the Hopi, Havasupai, Navajo, Paiute, Gosiute, and Ute peoples.[8][9][10] The Hopi used the yellow flower ceremonially.
They taught the Mormon pioneer immigrants to use the bulb for badly needed food. This resulted in the sego lily being formally designated as the Utah State Flower in 1911.[11]
Cultivation
Calochortus nuttallii is cultivated as an ornamental plant for its attractive tulip-shaped flowers and to attract/support native pollinator species.[12] It prefers a deep, sandy soil with good drainage, and is cold-hardy. Plants can be propagated from newly formed bulblets which take two years to flower.[13]
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
Data related to Sego lily (Calochortus nuttallii) at Wikispecies
Media related to Sego lily (Calochortus nuttallii) at Wikimedia Commons- United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile for Calochortus nuttallii (sego lily)
- Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas, NPIN−Native Plant Information Network: Calochortus nuttallii
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Source: "Our State Flowers: The Floral Emblems Chosen by the Commonwealths", The National Geographic Magazine, XXXI (June 1917), p. 512.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Northern Arizona University: Petrified Forest Nat'l Park, Arizona. Yellow Sego Lilies (Calochortus nuttalli)
- ↑ NPIN: Calochortus nuttalli
- ↑ Extension.usu.edu: Range Plants of Utah − Sego Lily
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ University of Michigan at Dearborn: Native American Ethnobotany of Calochortus nuttallii
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- ↑ NPIN: Calochortus nuttallii
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