Guaiacum officinale
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G. officinale
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| Guaiacum officinale |
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Guaiacum officinale, commonly known as roughbark lignum-vitae,[3] guaiacwood or gaïacwood, is a species of tree in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae, that is native to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America.[2]
Description
This small tree is very slow growing, reaching about 10 m (33 ft) in height with a trunk diameter of 60 cm (24 in). The tree is essentially evergreen throughout most of its native range. The leaves are compound, 2.5–3 cm (0.98–1.18 in) in length, and 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. The blue flowers have five petals that yield a bright-yellow-orange fruit with red flesh and black seeds.
Symbolism
G. officinale is the national flower of Jamaica.[4]
Uses
G. officinale is one of two species yielding the true lignum vitae, the other being Guaiacum sanctum. Guaiac, a natural resin extracted from the wood, is a colorless compound that turns blue when placed in contact with substances that have peroxidase activity and then are exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Guaiac cards are impregnated with the resin and are used in determining whether stool contains blood. The heme portion of hemoglobin contains peroxidase and will catalyze the oxidation of guaiaconic acid when hydrogen peroxide is placed on the Guaiac card if blood is present in the stool.[5]
Conservation
Roughbark lignum-vitae was listed as an endangered species by the IUCN in 1998. It has been overexploited for its valuable wood and medicinal products. International trade of this species is restricted because of its placement in CITES Appendix II.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Listed as Endangered (EN C2a v2.3)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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External links
Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Guaiacum officinale at Wikispecies
- Pages with broken file links
- IUCN Red List endangered species
- Guaiacum
- Plants described in 1753
- National symbols of Jamaica
- Flora of Anguilla
- Flora of Jamaica
- Trees of Antigua and Barbuda
- Trees of the Bahamas
- Trees of Barbados
- Trees of Colombia
- Trees of Cuba
- Trees of Dominica
- Trees of Guadeloupe
- Trees of Îles des Saintes
- Trees of Guyana
- Trees of Hispaniola
- Trees of Jamaica
- Trees of Martinique
- Trees of Puerto Rico
- Flora of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Trees of Suriname
- Trees of the Virgin Islands
- Trees of Venezuela
- Endangered plants
