Horlicks

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This article is about the company and drink. For the New Zealand racehorse, see Horlicks (horse).
A mug of Horlicks

Horlicks is a malted milk hot drink developed by founders James and William Horlick. It is now marketed and manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline (Consumer Healthcare) in the United Kingdom, South Africa, New Zealand, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, and Jamaica, and under licence in the Philippines and Malaysia.

Manufacturing process

In the initial stage of manufacturing, milled malted barley and wheat flour are mashed together in hot water where the starch is converted into sugars. To this sugar solution dairy powders are added. The water content is then evaporated to form a syrup that is dried in vacuum band driers to form a cake. This cake is milled into the finished powder.

Sleep promotion

Claims are often made by malted milk drinks such as Horlicks that they assist sleep, but these claims have been difficult to verify. According to GlaxoSmithKline: "While ... research indicates that Horlicks drinks can help you to sleep better, the exact way in which Horlicks works is not clear."[1]

Malted drinks may help to stave off hunger overnight, which can lead to sounder sleep.[2]

Alternative word usage

Usually taken to be a substitute for the profanity "bollocks". This use was exploited by the company in a 1990s advertising campaign, in which a harassed housewife exclaims "Horlicks" in a context where a stronger term could have been expected, thus widening the term's exposure and usage for a while.

This substitution in the form of a singular noun is also used to refer to a minor disaster or shambles, as in 'to make a complete Horlicks of something'.[3] For example, the term was used in July 2003 by British Foreign Secretary Jack Straw ("a complete Horlicks"[4]) to describe irregularities in the preparation and provenance of a dossier regarding weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.

Advertising

March 1952 ad for Horlicks in 208, the magazine of Radio Luxembourg

In 1961, Horlicks ran a television advertising campaign that featured Scottish entertainer Billy Raymond and an actress. The theme of the advert was "Horlicks – the food drink of the night."

Horlicks was the sponsor of the Lum and Abner Show from 1934 to 1937.

Around the world

Explorer Ernest de Koven Leffingwell poses with cases of Horlick's Malted Milk on Flaxman Island, Alaska, circa 1910

Australia and New Zealand

In Australia and New Zealand, Horlicks is imported from the UK and marketed by GlaxoSmithKline. Horlicks is available in Original (prepared with hot milk).

Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, Horlicks is known better as a café drink than as a sleeping aid. It is served at cha chaan tengs as well as fast-food shops such as Café de Coral and Maxim's Express. It can be served hot or cold, and is usually sweetened with sugar. It is made with warm milk, and ice is added to it if a cold drink is desired.

India

Horlicks came to India with The British Army; the end of World War I saw Indian soldiers of British Indian Army bringing it back with them as a dietary supplement. Punjab, Bengal and Madras Presidencies became early adopters of Horlicks and many well-to-do Indians took to drinking Horlicks as a family drink in early 1940s and 1950s. It became a sort of status symbol in upper middle class Indians and rich classes. The first flavour available in India, as in Britain, was malt.

India, where it has traditionally been marketed as The Great Family Nourisher, is the largest market for Horlicks.[5] The Indian formulation for Horlicks is slightly different than in most other countries, as there it is manufactured from buffalo milk rather than cows milk due to cultural concerns.[6][unreliable source] In 2003, the brand underwent a revamp which led to the introduction of new flavours such as vanilla, toffee, chocolate, honey, and elaichi (cardamom).[7] The current line-up of flavours include original (malt), chocolate and elaichi.[8] with the latest offering Horlicks Kesar Badaam added recently to the portfolio, providing a more specialized taste offering to the consumers.[9]

In recent years, there has been an increase in the scope of the brand in India. By pushing it to newer segments of the market, Horlicks has become an umbrella brand for a wide variety of products ranging from the flagship malt drink to instant noodles, confectionery and breakfast cereal.[10] Special formulations of the malted drink for young children (Junior Horlicks), breast-feeding mothers (Mother's Horlicks), women (Women's Horlicks) and adults (Lite Horlicks) exist.[11] Horlicks biscuits were first launched in 1993,[12] and an energy bar was launched in 2009, named Horlicks NutriBar. Also in late 2009, Foodles, a brand of instant noodles, was launched under the Horlicks umbrella. This was followed in 2011 by launches of Horlicks Gold, a premium variant of the malt drink (dubbed The Best Horlicks Ever), and Horlicks Oats, the first breakfast cereal product under the Horlicks brand.[13]

In 2010, Horlicks accounted for 85% of the ₹23.06 billion (US$340 million) revenue of GlaxoSmithKline in India.[10] It is currently the most widely consumed packaged beverage in India, after bottled water.[14]

The biggest branding event is Horlicks Wizkids.[15] This event started its way in 2003 and till now has reached approximately 25 million kids in all India as well as in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh.

Aahar Abhiyan[16] is an Horlicks initiative to increase malnutrition-related awareness amongst mothers, families and communities. With the sale of every bottle of Horlicks, the company contributes Re 1 towards the initiative. The campaign attempts to raise awareness about proper nutrition amongst mothers of children aged between 3–6 years.

Horlicks Wizkids – It's an interschool cultural and literary competition for children from class 1 to 12. The competition attracts students from India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladesh. With more than 30 events in the field of arts, literature, painting and extra-curricular activities, Horlicks Wizkids is South Asia's largest interschool fiesta giving children an opportunity to showcase their talent on a global platform.[17]

The 2013 Edition of Horlicks Wizkids South Asia was held in Bangalore. It consisted of five days of rigorous training sessions, talent rounds, project presentations and other fun, learning and recreational activities. More than 100,000 students from over 1200 schools participated. Five students from Vizag, Jaipur, Delhi, Hyderabad and Bhubaneshwar earned the title of the Horlicks WizTeam 2013. The winners got an opportunity to go for a learning program to Germany and a cash award of Rs. 100,000 each.[18]

Pakistan

In Pakistan, Horlicks is produced and marketed by GlaxoSmithKline.

Southeast Asia

In some Southeast Asian countries, such as the Philippines and Malaysia, Horlicks was also sold as milky-chocolate-flavoured discs in paper packets, which were then eaten as candy. Horlicks remains popular in Malaysia and Singapore where it packed under licence from SmithKline Beecham and sold in large glass and tin containers. It is also available in 1.5 kg refill packs. "Taller, stronger, sharper" is its slogan.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, Horlicks is available in Original (prepared with hot milk), Light (prepared with hot water), Malt Chocolate (prepared with hot water) and Caramel Dream (prepared with hot water). GlaxoSmithKline attempted a rebrand of the product in 2004 for younger consumers by redesigning the packaging and publicising its consumption at a number of trendy London venues such as the Groucho Club.

The company also owned Horlicks Farms and Dairies, a cheese, dairy and cattle breeding Station at 'Hort Bridge' Ilminster, Somerset. (The cattle breeding centre provided an artificial insemination service to farmers). In 1958, it took over The Cheddar Valley Dairy, and by the early 1960s, would have retail rounds, depots, and shops at Burnham, Cheddar, Clevedon, Glastonbury, Nailsea, Taunton, and Weston-super-Mare.

Company timeline

William Horlick

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The Horlicks factory in Slough is a local landmark
  • 1869: William Horlick from Ruardean, Gloucestershire emigrated to the United States.
  • 1873: James Horlick, a pharmacist, joined his brother, William, in the US and together they founded the company J & W Horlicks in Chicago to manufacture a patented malted milk drink as an artificial infant food.
  • 1875: Business moved to larger premises at Racine, Wisconsin, with an abundant supply of spring water.
  • 1883: US patent 278,967 granted to William for first malted milk drink mixing powder with hot water.
  • 1890: James returned to London to set up an office importing US-made product.
  • 1906: Slough selected as site for new factory (see picture).
  • 1908: Factory construction completed at a cost of £28,000.
  • 1909–1910: Horlicks became popular as a provision for North Pole and South Pole expeditions by Robert Peary, Roald Amundsen, and Robert Falcon Scott.
  • 1914: James made a baronet. World War I saw extensive use of Horlicks drink at home and at the front.
  • 1921: Death of James led company to split, with William having responsibility for the Americas and the sons of James for the rest of the world.
  • 1928: William Horlick High School founded just north of Horlicks' headquarters in Racine, Wisconsin.
  • 1931: "Night Starvation" story developed to promote Horlicks as a bedtime drink.
  • 1935: Richard E. Byrd named the Horlick Mountains on the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf after William, in appreciation of his support. A small factory opened in Australia for the local market, including New Zealand. Horlicks milky-chocolate-flavoured disks in paper packets, which were eaten as candy, were marketed in the USA via radio commercials touting the ease with which they could be taken to school by children.
    In the USA, Horlicks Tablets were sold as a candy, offered in a glass bottle resembling an aspirin jar. In World War II the tablets were supplied to US, UK and other troops as an energy boosting treat, and included in lifeboat and liferaft rations, and aircrew escape kits. Today they are packaged in foil pouches, manufactured in Malaysia as Horlicks Malties.
  • 1936: William Horlick died, aged 90.
  • 1945: The US company was acquired by the UK Horlicks business.
  • 1952: Horlicks was linked to the successful treatment of gastric ulcers and some forms of diabetes.
  • 1960: Factory built in Punjab, India, to make Horlicks from buffalo milk.
  • 1968: Factory built in Punjab, Pakistan, to supply local demand (including East Pakistan, now Bangladesh).
  • 1969: Horlicks acquired by the Beecham Group.
  • 1975–78: Factory construction and expansion in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh.
  • 1989: Beecham Group became SmithKline Beecham.
  • 2000: SmithKline Beecham became GlaxoSmithKline.

See also

References

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  15. ↑ [1] Archived 11 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ [2] Archived 6 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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