United States House of Representatives elections, 1802

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1802

← 1800 April 26, 1802 - December 14, 1803 1804 →

All 142 seats to the United States House of Representatives
72 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
  NC-Congress-NathanielMacon.jpg John Cotton Smith engraving.png
Leader Nathaniel Macon John Cotton Smith
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Leader's seat North Carolina-6th Connecticut-AL
Last election 68 seats 38 seats
Seats won 103 39
Seat change Increase 35 Increase 1

Speaker before election

Nathaniel Macon
Democratic-Republican

Elected Speaker

Nathaniel Macon
Democratic-Republican

Elections to the House of Representatives for the 8th Congress were held at various dates in each state, from April 26, 1802 (in New York) to December 14, 1803 (in New Jersey). It was common in the early years of the United Congress for some states to elect representatives to a Congress after it had already convened. In the case of the 8th Congress, the representatives from New Jersey were only elected after its first meeting on October 17, 1803.

The membership of the House increased significantly as a result of population gains revealed in the United States Census of 1800. The greatest growth was in territories that constituted the western regions of the country at the time, a tremendous boost for Democratic-Republican candidates. Nearly all of the new seats created as a result of the Census of 1800 went to Democratic-Republicans, closely aligned as they were with the agrarian interests of Western farmers. As a result, the Democratic-Republicans won the largest proportion of seats that either they or the competing Federalists had ever been able to secure in any earlier Congress, a supermajority greater than two-thirds of the total number.

Election summaries

The 1802 elections were the first elections following reapportionment after the 1800 Census. Thirty-five new seats were added in reapportionment,[1] with three States having no change in apportionment, and thirteen States gaining between 1 and 7 seats. One further seat was added for the new state of Ohio.[2]

103 39
Democratic-Republican Federalist
State Type Date Total
seats
Democratic-
Republican
Federalist
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Connecticut At-large August 20, 1802 7 Steady 0 Steady 7 Steady
Delaware At-large October 5, 1802 1 Steady 1 Increase1 0 Decrease1
Georgia At-large October 4, 1802 4 Increase2 4 Increase2 0 Steady
Massachusetts District November 1, 1802[Note 1] 17 Increase3 7 Steady 10 Increase3
New Hampshire At-large August 30, 1802 5 Increase1 0 Steady 5 Increase1
New York District (17) April 26–29, 1802 17 Increase7 12 Increase6 5 Increase1
Pennsylvania District (11[Note 2]) October 12, 1802 18 Increase5 18 Increase8 0 Decrease3
Rhode Island At-large August 31, 1802 2 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Vermont District (4) December 13, 1802[Note 3] 4 Increase2 1 Steady 3 Increase2
1803 elections
Kentucky District (6) August 2, 1803 6 Increase4 6 Increase4 0 Steady
Maryland District (8[Note 4]) January 1, 1803 9 Increase1 6 Increase1 3 Steady
New Jersey At-large December 14, 1803 6 Increase1 6 Increase1 0 Steady
North Carolina District (12) August 15, 1803 12 Increase2 11 Increase5 1 Decrease3
Ohio[Note 5] At-large June 21, 1803 1 Increase1 1 Increase1 0 Steady
South Carolina District (8) February 3, 1803 8 Increase2 6 Increase3 2 Decrease1
Tennessee At-large August 5, 1803 3 Increase2 3 Increase2 0 Steady
Virginia[Note 6] District (22) April, 1803 22 Increase3 18 Steady 4 Increase3
Total 142 Increase36 103
72.5%
Increase35 39
27.5%
Increase1
House seats
D-R
  
72.54%
Federalist
  
27.46%

The first session of the 8th Congress began October 17, 1803, before New Jersey had elected its Representatives. New Jersey was therefore unrepresented for part of the 1st session of the 8th Congress.

Complete returns

Connecticut

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
Connecticut at-large
7 seats on a general ticket
Benjamin Tallmadge Federalist 1801 (special) Re-elected John Cotton Smith (F) 15.8%
Benjamin Tallmadge (F) 13.3%
Samuel W. Dana (F) 13.1%
Elias Perkins (F) 12.6%
Calvin Goddard (F) 12.2%
Roger Griswold (F) 11.9%
John Davenport (F) 9.7%

Simeon Baldwin[Note 8] (F) 7.3%
Timothy Pitkin (F) 1.5%
Elias Perkins Federalist 1800 Re-elected
John Cotton Smith Federalist 1800 Re-elected
Roger Griswold Federalist 1794 Re-elected
Calvin Goddard Federalist 1801 (special) Re-elected
John Davenport Federalist 1798 Re-elected
Samuel W. Dana Federalist 1796 Re-elected

Elias Perkins (F) declined to serve a second term and was replaced by Simeon Baldwin (F)

Delaware

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Delaware at-large James A. Bayard Federalist 1796 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
Caesar A. Rodney (DR) 50.1%
James A. Bayard (F) 49.9%

Georgia

Georgia gained 2 seats from the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
Georgia at-large
4 seats on a general ticket
John Milledge Democratic-Republican 1801 (special) Re-elected John Milledge (DR) 21.2%
David Meriwether[Note 9] (DR) 20.2%
Peter Early[Note 9] (DR) 19.0%
Samuel Hammond (DR) 13.2%

Joseph Bryan[Note 8] (DR) 11.7%
Francis Willis (DR) 8.1%
Matthew MacAlister 6.6%
Previous incumbent Benjamin Taliaferro (DR) resigned May, 1802 Democratic-Republican hold
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain

John Milledge (DR) did not serve as he was elected Governor of Georgia in November, 1802, he was replaced in a special election by Joseph Bryan. Samuel Hammond (DR) resigned February 2, 1805 after being appointed Governor of Upper Louisiana Territory, his seat remained vacant for the remainder of the 8th Congress.

Kentucky

Kentucky's representation in Congress increased from 2 seats to 6 after the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Kentucky 1 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Matthew Lyon (DR) 51.0%
David Walker (DR) 49.0%
Kentucky 2 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John Boyle[Note 10] (DR)
Kentucky 3 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Matthew Walton[Note 10] (DR)
Kentucky 4 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Thomas Sandford 43.2% (DR)
William Henry (DR) 27.5%
Richard M. Johnson (DR) 24.9%
Joseph H. Daviess (F) 4.4%
Kentucky 5 John Fowler
Redistricted from the 2nd district
Democratic-Republican 1796 Re-elected John Fowler[Note 10] (DR)
Kentucky 6 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
George M. Bedinger (DR) 57.8%
Philemon Thomas (DR) 32.0%
George Culp (DR) 10.2%

Maryland

Maryland gained 1 seat as a result of the Census of 1800. Rather than increasing the number of districts, however, Maryland made the 5th district a plural district with 2 seats.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
Maryland 1 John Campbell Federalist 1801 Re-elected John Campbell (F) 79.5%
William Thomas (DR) 20.5%
Maryland 2 Walter Bowie Democratic-Republican 1802 (special) Re-elected Walter Bowie (DR) 99.5%
Others 0.5%
Maryland 3 Thomas Plater Federalist 1801 Re-elected Thomas Plater (F) 51.9%
Patrick Magruder (DR) 41.7%
Richard Wooten (F) 6.4%
Maryland 4 Daniel Hiester Democratic-Republican 1788[Note 11]
1801
Re-elected Daniel Hiester (DR) 60.0%
Eli Williams (F) 40.0%
Maryland 5
Plural district with 2 seats
Samuel Smith Democratic-Republican 1792 Ran for Senate
Democratic-Republican hold
Nicholas R. Moore (DR) 53.8%
William McCreery (DR) 38.3%

George Buchanan (F) 7.8%
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Maryland 6 John Archer Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected John Archer (DR) 100.0%
Maryland 7 Joseph H. Nicholson Democratic-Republican 1798 (special) Re-elected Joseph H. Nicholson (DR) 99.6%
Others 0.4%
Maryland 8 John Dennis Federalist 1796 Re-elected John Dennis (F) 94.9%
Joshua Prideaux (DR) 3.4%
Samuel Heath 1.1%
Others 0.7%

Daniel Hiester (DR) of the 4th district died March 7, 1804. A special election was held concurrent with the general election to the 9th Congress electing Roger Nelson (DR) in his place.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts increased its representation in Congress from 14 seats to 17 after the Census of 1800. Two of the new seats were in Massachusetts proper and one was in the District of Maine. Massachusetts electoral law at the time required a majority for election to an office, which requirement was not met in the 6th district, requiring two additional ballots to elect a Representative.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
First ballot Second ballot Third ballot
Massachusetts 1
Known as the Suffolk district
William Eustis
Redistricted from the 8th district
Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected William Eustis (DR) 50.8%
John Quincy Adams (F) 49.2%
Massachusetts 2
Known as the Essex South district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Jacob Crowninshield (DR) 51.9%
Timothy Pickering (F) 48.0%
Massachusetts 3
Known as the Essex North district
Manasseh Cutler
Redistricted from the 11th district
Federalist 1801 Re-elected Manasseh Cutler (F) 75.5%
Thomas Kitteridge (DR) 21.4%
Others 3.1%
Massachusetts 4
Known as the Middlesex district
Joseph Bradley Varnum
Redistricted from the 9th district
Democratic-Republican 1794 Re-elected Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 70.1%
Timothy Bigelow (F) 27.7%
Samuel Kendall (F) 1.8%
Massachusetts 5
Known as the Hampshire South district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Thomas Dwight (F) 78.0%
Samuel Fowler (DR) 9.5%
Jonathan Smith (DR) 5.8%
Scattering 6.7%
Massachusetts 6
Known as the Hampshire North district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Hugh McClallan (F) 29.5%
John Williams (F) 15.2%
Samuel Taggart (F) 14.9%
Solomon Snead (DR) 12.3%
Joseph Lyman (F) 10.1%
Solomon Nose (F) 8.0%
Edward Upham (DR) 5.2%
Zebina Montague 4.8%
Hugh McClallan (F) 36.9%
Samuel Taggart (F) 27.5%
Solomon Snead (DR) 21.2%
John Williams (F) 14.4%
Samuel Taggart (F) 73.2%
Hugh McClallan (F) 26.8%
Massachusetts 7
Known as the Plymouth district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Nahum Mitchell (F) 58.3%
Henry Warren (DR) 41.6%
Massachusetts 8
Known as the Barnstable district
Lemuel Williams
Redistricted from the 5th district
Federalist 1798 Re-elected Lemuel Williams (F) 55.5%
Isaiah L. Green (DR) 44.5%
Massachusetts 9
Known as the Bristol district
Phanuel Bishop
Redistricted from the 7th district
Democratic-Republican 1798 Re-elected Phanuel Bishop (DR) 57.3%
Laban Wheaton (F) 42.4%
Massachusetts 10
Known as the Worcester South district
Seth Hastings
Redistricted from the 4th district
Federalist 1801 (special) Re-elected Seth Hastings (F) 62.2%
Edward Bangs (DR) 37.3%
Massachusetts 11
Known as the Worcester North district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
William Stedman (F) 71.7%
John Whiting (DR) 27.9%
Massachusetts 12
Known as the Berkshire district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Thomson J. Skinner (DR) 58.4%
Daniel Dewey (F) 41.0%
Massachusetts 13
Known as the Norfolk district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 65.1%
Oliver N. Everett (F) 29.4%
Samuel Dexter (DR) 2.8%
Benjamin Hitchbourne (DR) 2.8%
District of Maine Massachusetts 14
Known as the York district
Richard Cutts Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected Richard Cutts (DR) 52.3%
John Lord (F) 44.4%
Moses Sweat (F) 3.2%
Massachusetts 15
Known as the Cumberland district
Peleg Wadsworth
Redistricted from the 13th district
Federalist 1792 Re-elected Peleg Wadsworth (F) 88.5%
Isaac Parsons 8.5%
Scattering 3.0%
Massachusetts 16
Known as the Lincoln district
Samuel Thatcher
Redistricted from the 12th district
Federalist 1802 (special) Re-elected Samuel Thatcher (F) 63.7%
William King (DR) 18.1%
John Farley (DR) 12.7%
Scattering 5.5%
Massachusetts 17
Known as the Kennebec district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Phineas Bruce (F) 57.5%
Martin Kinsley (DR) 42.5%

There was one vacancy during the 8th Congress, in the 12th district, caused by the resignation of Thomson J. Skinner, which vacancy was filled in a special election by Simon Larned while in the 17th district, Phineas Bruce (F) did not qualify due to illness, but was never replaced[3]

New Hampshire

New Hampshire increased its representation in Congress from 4 seats to 5 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
New Hampshire at-large
5 seats on a general ticket
George B. Upham Federalist 1800 Retired
Federalist hold
Samuel Tenney (F) 12.6%
Samuel Hunt[Note 9] (F) 12.0%
David Hough (F) 11.8%
Silas Betton (F) 11.6%
Clifton Clagett (F) 11.3%

Nahum Parker (DR) 8.4%
Clement Storer (DR) 8.0%
Jonathan Smith (DR)8.0%
Moody Bedell (DR) 7.1%
Thomas Cogswell (DR) 4.5%
Obed Hall (DR) 2.1%
Scattering 2.7%
Previous incumbent Joseph Peirce had resigned earlier in 1802 Federalist hold
Samuel Tenney Federalist 1800 Re-elected
Abiel Foster Federalist 1794 Retired
Federalist hold
None (Seat created) Federalist gain

New Jersey

New Jersey increased its representation in Congress from 5 seats to 6 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New Jersey at-large
6 seats on a general ticket
John Condit Democratic-Republican 1798 Retired (Elected to Senate)
Democratic-Republican hold
James Mott (DR) 16.5%
Henry Southard (DR) 16.4%
William Helms (DR) 16.4%
Ebenezer Elmer (DR) 16.3%
Adam Boyd (DR) 16.3%
James Sloan (DR) 16.3%

Aaron Ogden (F) 0.5%
Frederick Frelinghuysen (F) 0.4%
William Coxe (F) 0.3%
James H. Imlay (F) 0.3%
Richard Stockton (F) 0.3%
Jonathan Elmer (F) 0.2%
Ebenezer Elmer Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected
William Helms Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected
James Mott Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected
Henry Southard Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected
None (Seat created) Democratic-Republican gain

The Federalists did not run any official candidates in 1802, but a few Federalists did receive scattered votes.

New York

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New York's Congressional apportionment increased from 10 seats to 17 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. The state was subsequently redistricted. 11 open seats were available due to the increase in apportionment and retirement of incumbents.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New York 1 John Smith Democratic-Republican 1799 (special) Re-elected John Smith (DR) 100%
New York 2 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Joshua Sands (F) 51.3%
John Broome (DR) 48.7%
New York 3 Samuel L. Mitchill
Redistricted from the 2nd district
Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) 96.5%
Joshua Sands (F) 3.5%
New York 4 Philip Van Courtlandt
Redistricted from the 3rd district
Democratic-Republican 1793 Re-elected Philip Van Courtlandt (DR) 83.5%
Peter Taulman (DR) 16.5%
New York 5 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Andrew McCord (DR) 84.4%
John Hathorn (F) 15.6%
New York 6 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Isaac Bloom (DR) 55.4%
Samuel Mott (F) 44.6%
New York 7 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John Cantine (DR) 48.8%
Conrad C. Elmendorf (F) 46.3%
Conrad E. Elmendorf 4.9%
New York 8 John P. Van Ness
Redistricted from the 6th district
Democratic-Republican 1801 (special) Lost re-election
Federalist gain
Henry W. Livingston (F) 51.5%
John P. Van Ness (DR) 48.5%
New York 9 Killian Van Rensselaer
Redistricted from the 8th district
Federalist 1800 Re-elected Killian Van Rensselaer (F) 62.4%
Abraham G. Lansing (DR) 37.6%
New York 10 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
George Tibbits (F) 51.2%
Josiah Masters (DR) 48.8%
New York 11 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Beriah Palmer (DR) 74.2%
Guert Van Schoonhoven (F) 25.8%
New York 12 David Thomas
Redistricted from the 7th district
Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected David Thomas (DR) 64.1%
John Williams 35.9%
New York 13 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Thomas Sammons (DR) 68.3%
Robert McFarlan (F) 31.7%
New York 14 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Erastus Root (DR) 57.4%
Benjamin Gilbert (F) 42.8%
New York 15 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Gaylord Griswold (F) 53.5%
Francis A. Bloodgood (DR) 46.5%
New York 16 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John Paterson (DR) 55.4%
Comfort Tyler (F) 44.6%
New York 17 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Oliver Phelps (DR) 41.5%
Nathaniel W. Howell (F) 37.1%
William Stuart (DR) 21.4%

John Smith (DR) of the 1st district resigned February 23, 1804 upon being elected to the Senate and was replaced in a special election by Samuel Riker (DR).

Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) of the 3rd district resigned November 22, 1804 upon being elected to the Senate and was replaced in a special election by George Clinton, Jr. (DR).

Isaac Bloom (DR) of the 6th district died April 26, 1803 and was replaced in a special election by Daniel C. Verplanck (DR).

John Cantine (DR) of the 7th district resigned before the start of the 8th Congress and was replaced in a special election by Josiah Hasbrouck (DR).

North Carolina

North Carolina increased its representation in Congress from 10 to 12 seats as a result of the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
North Carolina 1 Thomas Wynns
Redistricted from the 8th district
Democratic-Republican 1802 (special) Re-elected Thomas Wynns[Note 10] (DR)
North Carolina 2 Willis Alston
Redistricted from the 9th district
Democratic-Republican 1798 Re-elected Willis Alston (DR) 63.1%
William R. Davie (F) 26.9%
North Carolina 3 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
William Kennedy (DR) 51.1%
Thomas Blount (DR) 48.9%
North Carolina 4 John Stanly
Redistricted from the 10th district
Federalist 1800 New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
William Blackledge (DR) 59.9%
John Stanly (F) 40.1%
North Carolina 5 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
James Gillespie (DR) 57.5%
Alexander D. Moore (F) 42.5%
North Carolina 6 Nathaniel Macon
Redistricted from the 5th district
Democratic-Republican 1791 Re-elected Nathaniel Macon (DR) 99.8%
North Carolina 7 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Samuel D. Purviance (F) 42.3%
Duncan McFarlan (DR) 33.0%
Isaac Lanier (F) 23.6%
John Hay (DR) 1.1%
North Carolina 8 Richard Stanford
Redistricted from the 4th district
Democratic-Republican 1796 Re-elected Richard Stanford (DR) 75.1%
Nathaniel Jones (F) 24.9%
North Carolina 9 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Marmaduke Williams (DR) 53.8%
Theophilus Lacy (DR) 28.3%
William Nash (DR) 15.5%
Anton Brown (F) 2.4%
North Carolina 10 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Nathaniel Alexander (DR) 55.8%
Basil Gaither (F) 44.2%
North Carolina 11 James Holland
Redistricted from the 1st district
Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected James Holland (DR) 70.7%
William Tate (F) 29.3%
North Carolina 12 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Joseph Winston (DR) 29.6%
Meshack Franklin (DR) 28.6%
William Lenoir (DR) 22.8%
George Houser (DR) 9.7%
Mussendine Matthews (F) 9.3%

Ohio

Ohio is considered to have been admitted to the Union near the end of the 7th Congress,[Note 12] but did not elect representatives until the 8th Congress. For this reason, Ohio is considered to have had a vacant seat in the House and two vacant seats in the Senate in the 7th Congress.[4]

District Result Candidates[Note 7]
Ohio at-large Democratic-Republican win Jeremiah Morrow (DR) 48.2%
William McMillan[Note 13] (F) 26.6%
Michael Baldwin (DR) 11.7%
Elias Langham (DR) 8.0%
William Goforth (DR) 4.1%
Others 1.4%

Pennsylvania

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Pennsylvania increased its representation in Congress from 13 to 18 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. The state was re-districted from 12 into 11 districts, four of which were plural districts.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[5]
Pennsylvania 1
Plural district with 3 seats
William Jones Democratic-Republican 1800 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Joseph Clay (DR) 20.2%
Jacob Richards (DR) 20.0%
Michael Leib (DR) 18.4%

George Latimer (F) 13.4%
Peter Brown (F) 13.3%
Jonas Preston (F) 13.2%
Elisha Gordon (F) 1.4%
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Michael Leib
Redistricted from the 2nd district
Democratic-
Republican
1798 Re-elected
Pennsylvania 2
Plural district with 3 seats
Robert Brown
Redistricted from the 4th district
Democratic-
Republican
1798 (Special) Re-elected Robert Brown (DR) 33.0%
Isaac Van Horne (DR) 30.8%
Frederick Conrad (DR) 17.9%

Samuel Sitgreaves (F) 11.3%
Nathaniel Borleau (F) 4.8%
Lord Butler (F) 2.2%
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Isaac Van Horne
Redistricted from the 4th district
Democratic-
Republican
1801
(Special)
Re-elected
Pennsylvania 3
Plural district with 3 seats
Joseph Hemphill Federalist 1800 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
John Whitehill (DR) 22.1%
Isaac Anderson (DR) 22.0%
Joseph Hiester 21.7%

Jacob Bower (F) 11.6%
Joseph Hemphill (F) 11.4%
Thomas Boude (F) 11.3%
Joseph Hiester
Redistricted from the 5th district
Democratic-
Republican
1797 (Special) Re-elected
Thomas Boude
Redistricted from the 7th district
Federalist 1800 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
Pennsylvania 4
Plural district with 2 seats
John A. Hanna
Redistricted from the 6th district
Democratic-
Republican
1796 Re-elected John A. Hanna (DR) 50.5%
David Bard (DR) 49.3%

David Mitchell (F) 0.2%
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Pennsylvania 5 Andrew Gregg
Redistricted from the 9th district
Democratic-
Republican
1791 Re-elected Andrew Gregg (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 6 John Stewart
Redistricted from the 8th district
Democratic-
Republican
1800 Re-elected John Stewart (DR) 56.7%
John Edie (F) 43.3%
Pennsylvania 7 Henry Woods
Redistricted from the 10th district
Federalist 1798 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
John Rea (DR) 66.6%
Henry Woods (F) 28.9%
John McLene (DR) 4.5%
Pennsylvania 8 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
William Findley (DR) 53.9%
Jacob Painter (DR) 46.1%
Pennsylvania 9 John Smilie
Redistricted from the 11th district
Democratic-
Republican
1792
1798
Re-elected John Smilie (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 10 William Hoge
Redistricted from the 12th district
Democratic-
Republican
1801 (Special) Re-elected William Hoge (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 11 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John Lucas (DR) 48.9%
John Wilkins (F) 36.7%
Alexander Foster (F) 14.4%

A vacancy occurred in the 10th district when William Hoge (DR) resigned October 15, 1804, which was filled in a special election by John Hoge (DR)

Rhode Island

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Rhode Island at-large
2 seats on a general ticket
Thomas Tillinghast Democratic-Republican 1800 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Joseph Stanton, Jr. (DR) 30.7%
Nehemiah Knight (DR) 30.6%

Thomas Tillinghast (F[Note 14]) 19.4%
Elisha Potter (F) 19.3%
Joseph Stanton, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected

South Carolina

South Carolina increased its representation in Congress from 6 seats to 8 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Carolina 1
Also known as the Charleston district
Thomas Lowndes Federalist 1800 Re-elected Thomas Lowndes (F) 52.3%
Robert Marion (DR) 47.7%
South Carolina 2
Also known as the Beaufort and Edgefield district
John Rutledge, Jr. Federalist 1796 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
William Butler, Sr. (DR) 93.3%
John Rutledge, Jr. (F) 6.7%
William Butler, Sr.
Redistricted from the 5th district
Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected
South Carolina 3
Also known as the Georgetown district
Benjamin Huger Federalist 1798 Re-elected Benjamin Huger (F) 50.9%
Lemuel Benton (DR) 49.1%
South Carolina 4
Also known as the Orangeburgh district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Wade Hampton (DR) 50.9%
John Taylor (F) 49.1%
South Carolina 5
Also known as the Sumter district
Richard Winn
Redistricted from the 4th district
Democratic-Republican 1802 (special) Re-elected Richard Winn (DR) 52.1%
John Kershaw (F) 47.9%
South Carolina 6
Also known as the Abbeville district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Levi Casey (DR) 43.5%
John Calhoun (DR) 29.8%
Robert Creswell (F) 14.1%
James Saxon (F) 10.3%
Benjamin Herndon (F) 2.4%
South Carolina 7
Also known as the Chester district
Thomas Moore
Redistricted from the 6th district
Democratic-Republican 1800 Re-elected Thomas Moore (DR) 60.5%
William Hill (F) 25.8%
William Smith (DR) 13.8%
South Carolina 8
Also known as the Pendleton district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John B. Earle (DR) 71.8%
Eliab Moore (F) 28.2%

Tennessee

Tennessee increased its representation in Congress from 1 seat to 3 seats as a result of the Census of 1800.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Tennessee at-large
3 seats on a general ticket
William Dickson Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected William Dickson (DR) 30.2%
George W. Campbell (DR) 29.7%
John Rhea (DR) 23.0%

John Cocke (DR) 17.2%
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
None (Seat created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain

Vermont

Vermont increased its representation in Congress from 2 seats to 4 as a result of the Census of 1800. Vermont law at the time required a majority of votes to win an office, which frequently necessitated additional ballots.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 7]
First ballot Second ballot Third ballot
Vermont 1
Known as the Southwest district
None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Gideon Olin (DR) 54.3%
Jonas Galusha (DR) 18.1%
Abel Spencer (F) 14.0%
Chauncey Langdon (F) 10.2%
Daniel Fay 1.9%
Others 1.5%
Vermont 2
Known as the Southeast district
Lewis R. Morris Federalist 1797 (special) Lost re-election
Federalist hold
Lewis R. Morris (F) 45.6%
James Elliot (F) 42.7%
Paul Brigham (DR) 5.4%
Amasa Paine (F) 2.9%
Others 3.4%
James Elliot (F) 54.1%
Daniel Farrand (F) 37.6%
Aaron Leland (DR) 4.4%
Lewis R. Morris (F) 1.5%
Others 2.3%
Vermont 3
Known as the northeast district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
William Chamberlain (F) 53.9%
Nathaniel Niles (DR) 38.2%
James Fisk (DR) 7.3%
Others 0.5%
Vermont 4
Known as the northwest district
None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Udney Hay (DR) 45.3%
Martin Chittenden (F) 28.2%
Amos Marsh (F) 19.6%
Daniel Chipman (F) 2.3%
William C. Harrington (F) 1.9%
Others 2.7%
Udney Hay (DR) 49.2%
Martin Chittenden (F) 29.8%
Amos Marsh (F) 19.9%
Others 1.1%
Martin Chittenden (F) 54.0%
Udney Hay (DR) 44.8%
Others 1.2%

Virginia

Virginia increased its representation in Congress from 19 to 22 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. Virginia's congressional delegation remained the largest of any state, but would lose this distinction permanently after the Census of 1810. Elections were held over three days in April 1803.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Virginia 1 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John G. Jackson[Note 10] (DR)
Thomas Wilson (F)
Virginia 2 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
James Stephenson (F) 53.6%
Osborn Sprigg (DR) 46.4%
Virginia 3 John Smith
Redistricted from the 1st district
Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected John Smith (DR) 89.9%
Joseph Sexton (DR) 10.1%
Virginia 4 David Holmes
Redistricted from the 2nd district
Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected David Holmes[Note 10] (DR)
Isaac Van Meter (F)
Virginia 5 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Thomas Lewis, Jr. (F) 44.4%[Note 15]
Andrew Moore[Note 16] (DR) 36.8[Note 15]%
John Woodward (F) 18.7%
Virginia 6 Abram Trigg
Redistricted from the 4th district
Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected Abram Trigg[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 7 Richard Brent
Redistricted from the 17th district
Democratic-Republican 1801 Lost re-election
Federalist gain
Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F) 56.5%
Richard Brent (DR) 43.5%
Virginia 8 None (District created) Democratic-Republican gain Walter Jones[Note 10][Note 17] (DR)
James Ball (F)
Virginia 9 Philip R. Thompson
Redistricted from the 18th district
Democratic-Republican 1793 Re-elected Philip R. Thompson[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 10 John Dawson
Redistricted from the 15th district
Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected John Dawson[Note 10] (DR)
William I. Callis (F)
Virginia 11 Anthony New
Redistricted from the 16th district
Democratic-Republican 1793 Re-elected Anthony New (DR) 71.4%
John Taylor (F) 28.6%
Virginia 12 None (District created) New seat
Federalist gain
Thomas Griffin (F) 50.8%
Burwell Bassett (DR) 49.2%
Virginia 13 John J. Trigg
Redistricted from the 5th district
Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected John J. Trigg[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 14 Matthew Clay
Redistricted from the 6th district
Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected Matthew Clay (DR) 88.9%
James Hurt (F) 11.1%
Virginia 15 John Randolph
Redistricted from the 7th district
Democratic-Republican 1799 Re-elected John Randolph[Note 10] (DR)
Paul Carrington (F)
Abraham B. Venable (DR)
Ischaxner Woodson
Virginia 16 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John W. Eppes[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 17 Thomas Claiborne
Redistricted from the 8th district
Democratic-Republican 1793
1801
Re-elected Thomas Claiborne (DR) 51.3%
Richard Field (F) 48.7%
Virginia 18 None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 66.9%
James Jones (F) 33.1%
Virginia 19 Edwin Gray
Redistricted from the 10th district
Democratic-Republican 1799 Re-elected Edwin Gray[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 20 Thomas Newton, Jr.
Redistricted from the 11th district
Democratic-Republican 1799 Re-elected Thomas Newton, Jr.[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 21 Samuel J. Cabell
Redistricted from the 14th district
Democratic-Republican 1795 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Thomas M. Randolph (DR) 50.4%
Samuel J. Cabell (DR) 49.6%
Virginia 22 John Clopton
Redistricted from the 13th district
Democratic-Republican 1801 Re-elected John Clopton[Note 10] (DR)
James Rind (F)

In the 5th district, Thomas Lewis, Jr. (F) was initially declared the winner with 1,004 votes for Lewis, 832 for Andrew Moore (DR), and 423 for John Woodward (F). However, upon investigation by the House Committee on Elections, it was determined that 355 votes for Lewis and 124 votes for Moore were cast by individuals who did not meet Virginia's voter qualifications, making the adjusted totals 708 legal votes for Moore and 649 legal votes for Lewis, thus, the Committee awarded this seat to Moore on March 5, 1804.[6]

Two vacancies occurred during the 8th Congress. The first was in the 5th district when Andrew Moore (DR) resigned upon being elected to the Senate, which vacancy was filled by Alexander Wilson. The second occurred in the 13th district, when John J. Trigg (DR) died in office May 17, 1804, and was replaced in a special election by Christopher H. Clark (DR).

See also

Notes

  1. Majority required for election, which requirement was not met in one district, necessitating two additional trials held on January 24 and April 3, 1803
  2. Includes 4 plural districts
  3. Majority required for election, which was not met in two districts. Two additional elections were required to achieve a majority, held on March 1 and May 9, 1803
  4. Includes 1 plural district
  5. New state
  6. The 5th district was initially awarded to the Federalists, but that election was successfully challenged so that after the seat was awarded to the rightful winner, there were 19 DR and 3 F
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
  8. 8.0 8.1 Elected in subsequent special election
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 Also elected to fill vacancy in 7th Congress
  10. 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source
  11. In Pennsylvania
  12. The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the 83rd Congress passed legislation retroactively designating the date of the first meeting of the Ohio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802 the 7th Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173). On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.
  13. Former delegate for the Northwest Territory
  14. Changed parties
  15. 15.0 15.1 Initial returns, votes were successfully challenged
  16. Successfully challenged Lewis' election
  17. Only the two top candidates listed here, partial returns suggest Jones won by a very large majority

References

Bibliography

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External links