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Junior Eurovision Song Contest

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For last year's Contest, see Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2014. For this year's Contest, see Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015.
Junior Eurovision Song Contest
File:JESC New Logo.jpg
Genre Song contest
Created by Bjørn Erichsen
Presented by List of presenters
Theme music composer Marc-Antoine Charpentier
Opening theme Te Deum (Prelude (Marche en rondeau))
Ending theme Te Deum (Prelude (Marche en rondeau))
Country of origin List of countries
Original language(s) English and French
No. of episodes 13 contests
Production
Production location(s) List of host cities
Running time 2 hours, 15 minutes (2003–2013)
2 hours, 30 minutes (2014–present)
Production company(s) European Broadcasting Union
Distributor Eurovision
Release
Picture format 720i (SDTV) (2003–present)
1080i (HDTV) (2006–present)
4K (UHDTV) (2012–present)
Original release 15 November 2003 (2003-11-15) –
present
Chronology
Related shows Eurovision Song Contest
MGP Nordic
External links
Official website
Production website

The Junior Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la Chanson Junior),[1] often shortened to JESC, Junior Eurovision or Junior EuroSong, is a song competition which has been organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) annually since 2003 and is open exclusively to broadcasters that are members of the EBU.[2] It is held in a different European city each year, however the same city can host the contest more than once.

The competition has many similarities to the Eurovision Song Contest from which its name is taken. Each participating broadcaster sends an act, the members of which are aged 10 to 15 on the day of the contest,[3] and an original song lasting between 2 minutes 45 seconds and 3 minutes[2] to compete against the other entries. Each entry represents the country served by the participating broadcaster. Viewers from the participating countries are invited to vote for their favourite performances by televote and a national jury from each participating country also vote.[2] The overall winner of the contest is the entry that has received the most points after the scores from every country have been collected and totalled. The current winner is Destiny Chukunyere of Malta, who won the 2015 contest in Bulgaria with "Not My Soul". The highest scoring winner is Destiny Chukunyere of Malta who won the 2015 contest with a record 185 points.

In addition to the countries taking part, the contest has been screened in Australia every year. Estonia, Finland and Germany also broadcast the inaugural contest in 2003,[4] followed by Andorra in 2006 and Bosnia and Herzegovina (in 2006, 2008 and 2009), however these countries have yet to participate. Since 2006, the contest has been streamed live on the Internet through the official website of the contest.[5] Australia was invited to sing at the 2015 contest.

Origins and history

The origins of the contest date back to 2000 when Danmarks Radio held a song contest for Danish children that year and the following year.[6][7] The idea was extended to a Scandinavian song festival in 2002, MGP Nordic, with Denmark, Norway and Sweden as participants.[8][9] The EBU picked up the idea for a song contest featuring children and opened the competition to all EBU member broadcasters making it a pan-European event. The working title of the programme was "Eurovision Song Contest for Children",[10] branded with the name of the EBU's already popular song competition, the Eurovision Song Contest. Denmark was asked to host the first programme after their experience with their own contests and the MGP Nordic.

The 'singing girl' who formed part of the contest logo between 2003–2007.[11]
The Junior Eurovision Song Contest logo used between 2008–2014.

After a successful first contest, the second faced several location problems. The event originally should have been organised by British broadcaster ITV in Manchester.[12] ITV then announced that due to financial and scheduling reasons, the contest would not take place in the United Kingdom after all.[13] It is also thought that another factor to their decision was the previous years' audience ratings for ITV which were below the expected amount.[14] The EBU approached Croatian broadcaster HRT, who had won the previous contest, to stage the event in Zagreb;[15] though it later emerged that HRT had 'forgotten' to book the venue in which the contest would have taken place.[16] It was at this point, with five months remaining until the event would be held, that Norwegian broadcaster NRK stepped in to host the contest in Lillehammer.[16]

Broadcasters have had to bid for the rights to host the contest since 2004 to avoid such problems from happening again. Belgium was therefore the first country to successfully bid for the rights to host the contest in 2005.[17]

All contests have been broadcast in 16:9 widescreen and in high definition.[18] All have also had a CD produced with the songs from the show. Between 2003 and 2006, DVDs of the contest were also produced though this ended due to lack of interest.[19]

As of 2008, the winner of the contest is decided by 50% televote and 50% national jury vote. The winners of all previous contests had been decided exclusively by televoting. Between 2003 and 2005 viewers had around 10 minutes to vote after all the songs had been performed.[20] Between 2006 and 2010 the televoting lines have been open throughout the programme.[21] Since 2011 viewers vote after all the songs had been performed.[22] Profits made from the televoting during the 2007 and 2008 contests were donated to UNICEF.[23]

Prior to 2007, a participating broadcaster's failure in not broadcasting the contest live would incur a fine. Now broadcasters are no longer required to broadcast the contest live, but may transmit it with some delay at a time that is more appropriate for children's television broadcast.[24]

The 2007 contest was the subject of the 2008 documentary Sounds Like Teen Spirit: A Popumentary. The film followed several contestants as they made their way through the national finals and onto the show itself.[25] It was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival 2008[26] and was premiered in Ghent, Belgium[27] and Limassol, Cyprus[28] where the 2008 contest was held.

Format

The format of the contest has remained relatively unchanged over the course of its history in that the format consists of successive live musical performances by the artists entered by the participating broadcasters. The EBU claims that the aim of the programme is "to promote young talent in the field of popular music, by encouraging competition among the [...] performers".[3]

Ksenia Sitnik claimed Belarus' first win in 2005 with "My vmeste". Her country's next victory was two years later with Alexey Zhigalkovich

The programme is always screened on a Saturday night in late November/early December and lasts approximately two hours fifteen minutes.[3]

Traditionally the contest will consist of an opening ceremony in which the performers are welcomed to the event, the performances of the entries, a recap of the songs to help televoting viewers decide which entries to vote for, an interval act usually performed after the televoting has closed, the results of the televoting or back-up jury voting which is then followed by the declaration of the winner and a reprise of the winning song. At various points throughout the show, networks may opt out for a few minutes to screen a commercial break.

Since 2008 the winning entry of each contest has been decided by a mixture of televoting and national juries, each counting for fifty percent of the points awarded by each country.[29] The winners of all previous contests had been decided exclusively by televoting. The ten entries that have received the most votes in each country are awarded points ranging from one to eight, then ten and twelve.[30] These points are then announced live during the programme by a spokesperson representing the participating country (who, like the participants, is aged between ten and fifteen). Once all participating countries have announced their results, the country that has received the most points is declared the winner of that year's contest.

Until 2013 the winners receive a trophy and a certificate.[2] Since 2013 contest the winner, runner-up and third place all win trophies and certificates.[31]

Originally, unlike it's adult version, the winning country did not receive the rights to host the next contest. This was changed in 2012, the winning country now has first refusal on hosting the next contest.

The contest usually features two presenters, one man and one woman[32][33] (though the 2006, 2014, and 2015 contests were exceptions to this[34]), who regularly appear on stage and with the contestants in the green room. The presenters are also responsible for repeating the results immediately after the spokesperson of each broadcaster to confirm which country the points are being given to.the spokespersons are giving the points in the arena stage.[31]

Despite the Junior Eurovision Song Contest being modelled on the format of the Eurovision Song Contest, there are many distinctive differences that are unique to the children's contest. For instance, while the main vocals must be sung live during the contest, backing vocals may be recorded onto the backing track.[35] Each country's entry must be selected through a televised national final (unless circumstances prevent this and permission is gained from the EBU).[36] Each country's performance is also allowed a maximum of eight performers on stage, as opposed to the original number of six in the Eurovision Song Contest. Since 2005 every contestant has automatically been awarded 12 points to prevent the contestants scoring zero points, although ending with 12 points total is in essence the same as receiving zero,[31] however, no entry has ever received the infamous "nul points".

Entry restrictions

Malin Reitan representing Norway in the 2005 contest with "Sommer og skolefri"

The song must be written and sung in the national language (or one of the national languages) of the country being represented. However, they can also have a few lines in a different language. The same rule was in the adults' contest from 1966 to 1972 and again from 1977 to 1998. Performers must be nationals of that country or have lived there for at least two years.

Originally the competition was open to children between the ages of 8 and 15,[20] however since 2007 the age range has been narrowed and presently only children aged 10 to 15 on the day of the contest are allowed to enter.[3]

The song submitted into the contest cannot have previously been released commercially and must last between 2 minutes 45 seconds and 3 minutes (as of 2013 onwards).[2] The rule stating that performers also must not have previously released music commercially was active from 2003 to 2006.[36] This rule was dropped in 2007 thus allowing already experienced singers and bands in the competition. As a result NRK chose to withdraw from the contest.[35]

Since 2008, adults have been allowed to assist in the writing of entries.[35] Previously, all writers had to be aged 10 to 15.

Organisation

The contest is produced each year by the European Broadcasting Union. The Executive Supervisor of every contest since 2003 has been Svante Stockselius who also heads the "Steering Group" that decides on the rules of the contest, which broadcaster hosts the next contest and oversees the entire production of each programme. In 2011, he was succeeded by Sietse Bakker.[37] In 2012, Vladislav Yakovlev took over the position of the EBU Executive Supervisor.[38]

Steering Group meetings tend to include the "Heads of Delegation" whose principal job is to liaise between the EBU and the broadcaster they represent. It is also their duty to make sure that the performers are never left alone without an adult and to "create a team atmosphere amongst the [performers] and to develop their experience and a sense of community."[2]

The list of Executive Supervisors of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest appointed by the EBU since the first edition (2003) is the following:

Participation

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Further information: List of countries in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest
Participation since 2003:
  Entered at least once
  Never entered, although eligible to do so
  Entry intended, but later withdrew
  Competed as a part of another country, but never as a sovereignty

Only active member broadcasters of the EBU are permitted to take part and vote in the contest,[2] though the contest has been screened in several non-participating countries.[12][39]

Participation in the contest tends to change dramatically each year. The original Scandinavian broadcasters left the contest in 2006 because they found the treatment of the contestants unethical,[40] and revived the MGP Nordic competition, which had not been produced since the Junior Eurovision Song Contest began. Out of the thirty-two countries that have participated at least once, two (Belarus and the Netherlands) have been represented by an act at every contest as of 2015.

Listed are all the countries that have ever taken part in the competition alongside the year in which they made their debut:

Year Country making its debut entry
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2010
2012
2013
2014
2015

Winning entries

In total, ten countries have won the competition: Croatia, Spain, Russia, the Netherlands, Armenia, Ukraine, and Italy have each won once while Belarus won twice in 2005 and 2007. Georgia also won twice in 2008 and 2011. Malta won two times in 2013 and 2015. Croatia and Italy both won on their very first attempts, in the inaugural contest in 2003 and 2014.

Year Winner Language Artist Song Points Margin Second place Date Venue Location Participants
2003 Croatia Croatia Croatian Dino Jelušić "Ti si moja prva ljubav" 134 9 Spain Spain 15 November Forum Copenhagen Denmark Copenhagen[41] 16
2004 Spain Spain Spanish María Isabel "Antes muerta que sencilla" 171 31 United Kingdom United Kingdom 20 November Håkons Hall Norway Lillehammer[42] 18
2005 Belarus Belarus Russian Ksenia Sitnik "My vmeste" (Мы вместе) 149 3 Spain Spain 26 November Ethias Arena Belgium Hasselt[43] 16
2006 Russia Russia Russian Tolmachevy Sisters "Vesenniy Jazz" (Весенний джаз) 154 25 Belarus Belarus 2 December Sala Polivalentă Romania Bucharest[44] 15
2007 Belarus Belarus Russian Alexey Zhigalkovich "S druz'yami" (С друзьями) 137 1 Armenia Armenia 8 December Ahoy Rotterdam Netherlands Rotterdam[45] 17
2008 Georgia (country) Georgia Imaginary Bzikebi "Bzz.." 154 19 Ukraine Ukraine 22 November Spyros Kyprianou
Athletic Center		 Cyprus Limassol[30] 15
2009 Netherlands Netherlands Dutch, English Ralf Mackenbach "Click Clack" 121 5 Armenia Armenia
Russia Russia		 21 November Palace of Sports Ukraine Kiev[46] 13
2010 Armenia Armenia Armenian Vladimir Arzumanyan "Mama" (Մամա) 120 1 Russia Russia 20 November Minsk-Arena Belarus Minsk[47] 14
2011 Georgia (country) Georgia Georgian CANDY "Candy Music" 108 5 Netherlands Netherlands 3 December Karen Demirchyan Complex Armenia Yerevan[48] 13
2012 Ukraine Ukraine Ukrainian, English Anastasiya Petryk "Nebo" (Небо) 138 35 Georgia (country) Georgia 1 December Heineken Music Hall Netherlands Amsterdam[49] 12
2013 Malta Malta English Gaia Cauchi "The Start" 130 9 Ukraine Ukraine 30 November Palace "Ukraine" Ukraine Kiev[50] 12
2014 Italy Italy Italian, English Vincenzo Cantiello "Tu primo grande amore" 159 12 Bulgaria Bulgaria 15 November Malta Shipbuilding Malta Marsa[51] 16
2015 Malta Malta English Destiny Chukunyere "Not My Soul" 185 9 Armenia Armenia 21 November Arena Armeec Bulgaria Sofia[52] 17
2016 2 (so far)

Eurovision Song Contest

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Further information: Eurovision Song Contest

Below is a list of former-participants of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest who have gone on to participate at the senior version of the contest or have appeared on the Eurovision Song Contest stage as a non-participating special guest performer. Since 2014, the winner of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest has been invited as a guest to the final of the adult contest.

Country Participant Junior Eurovision Year Eurovision Year Notes
Italy Vincenzo Cantiello 2014 2015 Special guest performer
Malta Gaia Cauchi 2013 2014 Special guest performer
Poland Weronika Bochat1 2004 2010 Backing vocalist for Marcin Mroziński
Russia Tolmachevy Sisters 2006 2009 Special guests
2014 Competed with "Shine" which placed seventh in the final.
San Marino Michele Perniola 2013 2015 Competed with Anita Simoncini performing "Chain of Lights" which placed sixteenth in the second semi-final.
Anita Simoncini2 2014 Competed with Michele Perniola performing "Chain of Lights" which placed sixteenth in the second semi-final.
Serbia Nevena Božović 2007 2013 Competed as a part of Moje 3 with "Ljubav je svuda" which placed eleventh in the first semi-final.
1.^ As a member of KWADro.
2.^ As a member of The Peppermints.

See also

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References

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  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "12p" defined multiple times with different content
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  45. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  46. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  47. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  48. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  49. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  50. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  51. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  52. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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