Libav
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Screenshot of the movie Sintel being played using the avplay program from the Libav project.
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| Developer(s) | Libav team |
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| Initial release | March 13, 2011[1] |
| Stable release | 11.7 (May 25, 2016) [±] |
| Development status | Active |
| Written in | C[2] |
| Operating system | Cross-platform[which?] |
| Platform | Multi-platform[which?] |
| Type | Multimedia framework |
| License | GNU LGPL 2.1+ GNU GPL 2+[3] |
| Website | libav |
Libav is a free software project, forked from FFmpeg in 2011, that produces libraries and programs for handling multimedia data. Libav is developed for many operating systems, including GNU/Linux, the BSDs, OS X, Microsoft Windows, AmigaOS and its heir MorphOS. It supports most common instruction set architectures, including IA-32, x86-64, PowerPC, ARM, DEC Alpha, SPARC, and MIPS.[4]
Contents
History
Fork from FFmpeg
The Libav project is a fork of the FFmpeg project[5] which was originally started by Fabrice Bellard[3] (using the pseudonym "Gérard Lantau"). The Libav project was announced on March 13, 2011 by a group of FFmpeg developers.[6][7][8] The event was related to an issue in project management and different goals: FFmpeg supporters wanted to keep development velocity in favour of more features, while Libav supporters wanted to improve the state of the code, take the time to design better APIs.[9][10]
The maintainer of the FFmpeg packages for Debian[11] and Ubuntu,[12] being one of the group of developers who forked FFmpeg, switched the packages to this fork in 2011. Hence, most software on these systems that depended on FFmpeg automatically switched to Libav. In July 8, 2015, Debian announced it would return to FFmpeg[13] for various, technical reasons.[14] Several arguments justified this step. FFmpeg first had a better record of responding to vulnerabilities than Libav. Secondly, Mateusz “j00ru” Jurczyk, a security-oriented developer at Google, argued that all issues he found were fixed in a timely manner, and the situation was entirely different with Libav still affected by various bugs. Finally, the feature gap between FFmpeg and Libav, with FFmpeg supporting a far wider variety of codecs and containers than Libav does.
It has been suggested to merge the two projects back into each other but this has not happened. With Debian and Ubuntu no longer using Libav, its future might be compromised and its development may no longer be sustainable.[15]
Confusion
At the beginning of this fork, Libav and FFmpeg separately developed their own versions of the ffmpeg command. Libav then renamed their ffmpeg to avconv to distance themselves from the FFmpeg project. During the transition period, when a Libav user typed ffmpeg, there was a message telling the user that the ffmpeg command was deprecated and avconv has to be used instead. This confused some users into thinking that FFmpeg (the project) was dead.
This message was removed upstream when ffmpeg was finally removed from the Libav sources. In June 2012, on Ubuntu 12.04, the message was re-worded, but that new "deprecated" message caused even more user confusion. Starting with Ubuntu 15.04 "Vivid", FFmpeg's ffmpeg is back in the repositories again.
To further complicate matters, Libav chose a name that was used by FFmpeg to refer to its libraries (libavcodec, libavformat, etc.). For example, the libav-user mailing list, for questions and discussions about using the FFmpeg libraries, is unrelated to the Libav project.[16][17]
Software using Libav instead of FFmpeg
Debian followed Libav when it was announced, and announced it would return to FFmpeg for Debian Stretch (9.0).[18]
Gentoo users are free to choose between FFmpeg and Libav by the way they install their "virtual" FFmpeg.[19]
MPlayer2, a defunct fork of MPlayer, used Libav exclusively, but could be used with Gstreamer with its public API. mpv can use both.[20] GStreamer can however support Mplayer and Mplayer2 through different plugins.[citation needed]
Legal aspects
Codecs
Libav contains more than 100 codecs.[21] Many codecs that compress information have been claimed by patent holders.[22] Such claims may be enforceable in countries like the United States which have implemented software patents, but are considered unenforceable or void in countries that have not implemented software patents.
Logo
The Libav logo uses a zigzag pattern that references how MPEG video codecs handle entropy encoding.[23] It was previously the logo of the FFmpeg project until LibAV was forked from it. Following the fork, in 2011 one of the LibAV developers Måns Rullgård claimed copyright over the logo and requested FFmpeg cease and desist from using it.[24] FFmpeg subsequently altered their logo into a 3D version.[25]
Google Summer of Code participation
Libav participated in the Google Summer of Code program in 2011 and 2012.[needs update][26]
With participation in the Google Summer of Code, Libav has had many new features and improvements developed, including a WMVP/WVP2 decoder, hardware accelerated H.264 decoding on Android, and G.723.1 codec support.[26]
Technical details
Components
an audio/video codec library used by several other projects, libavformat, an audio/video container mux and demux library, and the avconv program for multimedia files
The command line-programs:
- avconv
- A video and audio converter that can also grab from a live audio/video source.
- avserver
- A streaming server for both audio and video.
- avplay
- A very simple and portable media player using the Libav libraries and the SDL library.
- avprobe
- Gathers information from multimedia streams and prints it in human- and machine-readable fashion.
The libraries:
- libavcodec
- A library containing all the Libav audio/video encoders and decoders.
- libavfilter
- The substitute for vhook which allows the video/audio to be modified or examined between the decoder and the encoder.
- libavformat
- A library containing demuxers and muxers for audio/video container formats.
- libavresample
- A library containing audio resampling routines.
- libavutil
- A helper library containing routines common to different parts of Libav.
This library includes adler32, crc, md5, sha1, lzo decompressor, Base64 encoder/decoder, des encrypter/decrypter, rc4 encrypter/decrypter and aes encrypter/decrypter.
- libswscale
- A library containing video image scaling and colorspace/pixelformat conversion routines.
Contained codecs
Numerous free and open-source implementations of existing algorithms for the (usually lossy) compression and decompression of audio or video data, called codecs, are available. Please note that an algorithm can be subject to patent law in some jurisdictions. Here are lists of the ones contained in the libav library:
Video codecs
Libav includes video decoders and/or encoders for the following formats:[27]
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Audio codecs
Libav includes decoders and encoders for the following formats:[32]
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Supported file formats
Additionally to the aforementioned codecs, Libav also supports several file formats (file formats designed to contain audio and/or video data and subtitles, are called "containers", but that is just a special denomiation.):
Supported protocols
Support for several communications protocols is also contained in Libav. Here is a list:
- IETF standards: TCP, UDP, Gopher, HTTP, RTP, RTSP and SDP
- Apple related protocols: HTTP Live Streaming
- RealMedia related protocols: RealMedia RTSP/RDT
- Adobe related protocols: RTMP, RTMPT (via librtmp), RTMPE (via librtmp), RTMPTE (via librtmp) and RTMPS (via librtmp)
- Microsoft related protocols: MMS over TCP and MMS over HTTP
See also
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- VLC media player uses libavcodec as its codec base, adds other codecs, cross platform[40]
- Open source codecs and containers
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://packages.gentoo.org/package/virtual/ffmpeg
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ FFmpeg logo - FFMpeg mailing list, 20 Feb 2007
- ↑ Legal Threat - ffmpeg.org 28 May 2011
- ↑ FFmpeg License and Legal Considerations - ffmpeg.org, June 2011
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://git.libav.org/?p=libav.git&a=commit&h=50ea93158d4c480f64069e8bd1da388486dcf4ba
- ↑ https://github.com/OpenHEVC/libav
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- Official website
- Libav-based Projects (includes projects using FFmpeg)
- All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
- Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2013
- Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015
- Wikipedia articles in need of updating from June 2015
- All Wikipedia articles in need of updating
- Official website not in Wikidata
- C libraries
- Cross-platform free software
- Free codecs
- Free computer libraries
- Free music software
- Free software programmed in C
- Free video conversion software
- Multimedia frameworks
- Video libraries
