Nasreddin Murat-Khan
Nasreddin Murat-Khan TI |
|
---|---|
Murat-Khan in 1962
|
|
Native name |
|
Born | 1904 Dagestan, Russian Empire |
Died | 15 October 1970 (aged 65–66) Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan |
Cause of death | Heart attack |
Resting place | New Elahi Park, Misri Shah Cemetery, Lahore Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Nationality | Russian (1907–1950) Pakistani (1950–1970) |
Ethnicity | Turkic |
Education | Civil engineering Architecture |
Notable work | Minar-e-Pakistan Gaddafi Stadium |
Home town | Dagestan |
Spouse(s) | Hamida Akmut (m. 1944–70) |
Children | Pari Murat-Khan, Zeynab Ozbek, Maryam Murat-Khan, Mesme Tomason, Meral Murat-Khan (daughters) |
Awards | 22px Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (1963) |
Nasreddin Murat-Khan[lower-alpha 1] TI (1904–1970) was a Russian-born Pakistani architect and civil engineer. He is remembered most for designing the national monument, the Minar-e-Pakistan.[1][2][3] He was also the architect of the Gadaffi Stadium in Lahore and several other notable buildings and structures.
Contents
Life
Early life
Murat-Khan was born in 1904 in a Turkic Muslim family, in the North Caucasus region of Dagestan located in the Russian Empire (later part of the Soviet Union, and now the Russian Federation).[4][5] In 1930, he obtained his degree of civil engineering from the Institute of Architects, Town Planners and Civil Engineers, Leningrad State University (now the Saint-Petersburg State University).[6][7] Later, he also obtained degrees of architecture and town planning from the same university.[8]
Exile
Murat-Khan was keen to free the Muslim Caucasus region from Soviet control.[9] As a result, he had to flee from Dagestan—for the fear of his life—to Germany where he landed sometime in 1944.[10] He stayed as a refugee in one of the camps established by the UNRRA in Berlin, later moving to Mittenwald where[11] he married Hamida Akmut, a Turkish refugee, in 1946.[12]
Pakistan
After the six-year-long exile in West Germany, Murat-Khan migrated with his family to Pakistan, in 1950.[13]
Death
Murat-Khan died of a heart attack on 15 October 1970.[14][15]
Professional career
In 1930, Nasreddin held a variety of posts in Dagestan and in Leningrad.[16] He was arrested during the "Engineers' Purges" undertaken by Stalin, but was re-instated in February 1940 as Chief Engineer and Chief Architect of the Pyatigorsk branch of the North Caucasian Project Trust.[17] He later served as Chief Engineer and Director of the North Caucasian Project Trust in Woroschilowsk, Ukraine, till August 1942.[18] Murat-Khan planned and designed many buildings of the Soviet Union, which includes a Lenin Memorial.[19] In 1950, after his migration to Pakistan, he was hired . He was hired as Executive Engineer for PWD at Wah Ordinance Factory. He then was reassigned in 1951 as Special Architect, B&R Deptt., PWD, where he designed the buildings of the Nishtar Hospital and the Nishtar Medical College.[20] In addition, he also prepared the designs of the Mansehra Mental Hospital, the Sahala Police Training College, the Sinclair Hall in Forman Christian College,[21][22] the Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore (completed in 1959 and initially called the Lahore Stadium) and the Textile College, Faisalabad among many other buildings, townships, residences and other structures.[23]
Minar-e-Pakistan
<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Murat-Khan's most notable and memorable work is his design of the Minar-e-Pakistan monument, located at Minto Park (now Iqbal Park) in the walled city of Lahore.[24][25] The foundation stone of Minar-e-Pakistan was laid at Minto Park on 23 March 1960. In 1963, President Ayub Khan reportedly summoned Murat-Khan to his office and took out a fountain pen from his pocket, placed it upright on his desk and instructed Murat-Khan to "build me a monument like this."[26]
Murat-Khan was very keen on the supervision of the construction and the design.[27][28] He frequently visited the site to inspect building material, construction quality.[29] He did not take his prescribed fee of Rs. 250,000 and instead donated the amount to the fund created for financing the construction of the Minar-e-Pakistan.[30] The construction of the tower took eight years and by 31 October 1968, the minar was completed at a cost of Rs. 7.5 million.[31][32]
Awards
In recognition of Murat-Khan's services, the then President of Pakistan, General Ayub Khan, conferred on him the Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Medal of Excellence) in 1963.[33][34][35]
Views and legacy
Murat-Khan was of the view that each local body should have a chief architect of its own.[36] He was also a proponent of Islamic architecture, advocating the retention of a national character in Pakistani architecture.[37]
Gallery
-
Sinclair Hall.jpg
Sinclair Hall in Forman Christian College, Lahore
-
Gaddafi Stadium (Lahore).jpg
Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore
-
Nishtarmedicalcollege01.jpg
Buildings of Nishtar Medical College, Multan
See also
Footnotes
- ↑ Ottoman Turkish: نصر الدین مراد خان ِALA-LC: [Naṣru l-dîn Murâd-ḫân] Error: [undefined] Error: {{Transl}}: missing language / script code (help): unrecognized language / script code: urdu (help); Turkish: Nasreddin Murat-han IPA: [nasredˈdin muˈɾat-han]; Russian: Насреддин Муратханов ALA-LC: [Nasreddin Muratkhanov] Error: [undefined] Error: {{Transl}}: missing language / script code (help): unrecognized language / script code: Russian (help) IPA: [nəsrʲɪˈdʲin mʊrɐtˈxanəf]; Urdu: نصر الدین مرات خان ِALA-LC: [Naṣru l-dīn Murāt Ḵẖān] Error: [undefined] Error: {{Transl}}: missing language / script code (help): unrecognized language / script code: urdu (help) IPA: [nəsrʊd̪ˈd̪iːn mʊˈrɑːt̪ xɑːn]
References
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Nai Baat 2013
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Nai Baat 2013
- ↑ Biography 1970
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ F.C. College 2014
- ↑ The Nation 2014
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Samiuddin 2014
- ↑ Express Tribune 2014
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Express Tribune 2014
- ↑ The Friday Times 2015
- ↑ Biography 1970
- ↑ Jafari 2010
- ↑ Dawn 2009
- ↑ Artasia 1965
- ↑ Biography 1970
Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles containing Ottoman Turkish-language text
- Transl template errors
- Articles containing Turkish-language text
- Articles containing Russian-language text
- Articles containing Urdu-language text
- EngvarB from January 2014
- Use dmy dates from January 2014
- Pages using infobox person with unknown parameters
- Infobox person using ethnicity
- Infobox person using religion
- Articles with hCards
- Pages using Template:Post-nominals with customized linking
- Nasreddin Murat-Khan buildings and structures
- 1904 births
- 1970 deaths
- 20th-century Pakistani architects
- Architects from Lahore
- Engineers from Lahore
- Naturalised citizens of Pakistan
- Pakistani civil engineers
- Pakistani people of Dagestani descent
- Pakistani people of Turkic descent
- Pakistani urban planners
- People from Dagestan
- Recipients of Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
- Saint Petersburg State University alumni
- Soviet architects
- Soviet civil engineers
- Soviet defectors
- Soviet emigrants to Germany
- Soviet emigrants to Pakistan
- Soviet Muslims
- Soviet urban planners