Guangzhou–Shenzhen Railway

	Guangshen Railway
Traditional Chinese	廣深鐵路
Simplified Chinese	广深铁路
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	guǎngshēn tiělù

Guangshen Railway
	Guangshen Railway Company, the operator of Guangshen Railway Guangshen Railway Company,; the operator of Guangshen Railway
Line number:	4
Track gauge:	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Voltage:	25 kV AC 50 Hz AC
Electrification:	Catenary
Maximum speed:	200 km/h (120 mph) (track 1 & 2); 140 km/h (87 mph) (track 3 & 4)

Guangshen Railway or Guangzhou–Shenzhen Railway (Chinese: 广深铁路 or 广深线), also known as the Chinese Section of the Kowloon-Canton Railway (Chinese: 廣九鐵路華段) in 1911-1949, is a railway in Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China, between Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It is operated by Guangshen Railway Company Limited, a subsidiary of Guangzhou Railway Group Co. Ltd..

With a length of 147 kilometres, it was the first railway in the People's Republic of China to reach the speed of 220 km/h in some sections, though it is limited to about 200 km/h during commercial operation. Now it has four tracks between Guangzhou East and Shenzhen railway station. Line 1 and 2 are up-direction and down-direction 200-km/h passenger lines for CRH EMU respectively, and Line 3 and 4 are up-direction and down-direction 160-km/h mixed passenger and freight line respectively. In order to reduce the interference to passenger trains in the daytime from lower -speed freight trains, most freight trains will be scheduled to run at night.

Guangshen Railway connects with several other important railways to different directions. It links Jingguang railway and Guangmao railway in Guangzhou, Jingjiu railway in Dongguan (with which shares two regular speed track), and the East Rail Line to Hong Kong at the southern end of the railway. Besides, there are some branch lines along Guangshen Railway, such as Pingyan railway to Yantian Port, Pingnan railway to Shenzhen West railway station and also the line to Huangbu Port.

Cross-border services from Hong Kong to Dongguan (Changping), Guangzhou East, Foshan and Zhaoqing, as well as to Beijing West and Shanghai use its route.

History

The idea of constructing a railway linking Canton (now Guangzhou) and Kowloon in Hong Kong, a British crown colony, was begun in the late Qing Dynasty. In 1899, Qing government and Britain agreed to construct the Kowloon-Canton Railway (KCR), but Britain postponed the construction as she was busy at the Second Boer War in Africa. In 1907, Qing government and Britain formally signed an agreement in Peking on issuing 100 million pounds sterling bond as part of loan for the construction of the Chinese Section of the Kowloon-Canton Railway. In July 1907, British Section of the KCR started to build first. Then the construction of Chinese section was delayed and started from 1909. Under the loan contract, China needed to employ the British engineers for the construction of Chinese section, but China still employed famous Chinese railway engineers, Zhan Tianyou, as a consultant. At 8 October 1911, the Chinese section of KCR with total length of 142.77 km was opened.^[1] The northern end of railway at that time was located in Dashatou (Chinese: 大沙頭), Guangzhou, where was demolished in 1951. The through train service between Kowloon and Guangzhou also started to operate at the same time.

After the establishment of People's Republic of China in October 1949, the 'Chinese Section of the Canton-Kowloon Railway' was renamed 'Guangshen Railway', and repair the railroad damaged during the war. In 1967, railway department carried out a comprehensive maintenance on Guangshen railway to improve the transport capacity. From 1980s, since the economic reform policy of China, the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was established. The rapid economic development in the Pearl River Delta region brought large amount of importing goods and passengers to the railway. Therefore, the second line of Guangshen Railway was constructed during 1984 - 1987 in order to meet the huge demand. Simultaneously Guangshen Railway Company (the predecessor of Guangshen Railway Co., Ltd.), which was directly subordinated to the Guangzhou Railway Bureau (now Guangzhou Railway Group Co. Ltd.), was established. This company was in charge of the construction works and operational management of Guangshen Railway. In 1987, Guangshen Railway became the first double-track railway in Guangdong province.

Image gallery

Bond agreement signed in 1907
foundation ceremony of the Chinese Section of KCR in 1909. Group photo of both Chinese and British officials.
Opening of Chinese section in 1911. Group photo of both Chinese and British officials.

Indeed, Guangshen Railway is the first place in China to carry out successfully speed-up on the existing railroad. At the beginning of the 1990s, Guangzhou Railway Bureau and the Ministry of Railways carried out the pre-feasibility research about raising the maximum speed of passenger trains to 160 km/h. At 28 December 1991, the construction of the third line of Guangshen Railway, and the speed-up improvement works of original double tracks started. In October 1994, the maximum speed of a train reached 174 km/h during the test. At 22 December 1994, the first sub-high speed (160 km/h) passenger train in China started commercial operation between Guangzhou and Shenzhen.

4th line of Guangshen Railway in construction

In 1998, the electrification of two sub-high speed lines of Guangshen Railway was finished. After the improvement the 200 km/h high speed trains are allowed to run on the existing subhigh speed railroad. A Swedish-built X 2000 tilting train called 'Xinshisu' began to serve intercity train service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, as well as the through train to Hong Kong. The train are 165m long, consisting of a power car, five passenger cars, and a trailing car. The non-power cars can have a pitch of up to 8 degrees.They are noted for being very quiet (less than 65 dBA) even at 200 km/h.

Construction of the fourth track was commenced at 31 December 2005, and was finished at 18 April 2007. Since then Guangshen Railway has been the first four-track railway in mainland China and it allows passenger trains and freight trains to run on separate lines.

Guangshen Intercity Trains

Tickets of Intercity Trains

CRH1A running on Guangshen Railway

As of 2009, intercity train service between Guangzhou and Shenzhen uses 8-car CRH1A highspeed EMU. There are 100 pairs of trains operated daily, in which 98 pairs will stop for 1.5 minutes at three stations: Zhangmutou, Dongguan and Shilong. On the ‘As-frequent-as-buses’ basis, one pair of trains is dispatched every 5 minutes on average during peak hours. The fastest journey time is 52 minutes between Guangzhou East and Shenzhen for D7002 and D7008 with no stop.

Rolling stock

Time	Rolling stocks using by Guangshen intercity trains
Before 1966	SL6 steam locomotive hauling 21 Series / 22 Series railway carriages
1966 ～ mid-1970s	SL6 steam locomotive / Dongfanghong1 / DF diesel locomotive (from 1972) hauling 21 Series / 22 Series railway carriage Dongfanghong1 / DF diesel locomotive(from 1972) hauling 24 Series railway carriages with air-conditioning (91/92 Express)
1970s ～ late 1994	Locomotives: DF3 / ND2 / DF4B (from 1985) / DF9 diesel locomotive(from 1990s) Passenger coaches: 24 Series with air-conditioning / 25 Series / 22 Series / 22 Series railway carriages with air-conditioning
Late 1994 ～ 1998	Locomotives:DF4B / DF9 / DF11 diesel locomotive Passenger coaches:22 Series / Double-deck 25B Series with air-conditioning / 25Z Series
1998 ～ 2004	DF4B diesel locomotive hauling 22 Series / Double-deck 25B Series with air-conditioning / SS8 electric locomotive / DF11 diesel locomotive hauling 25Z Series / 25C Series railway carriage DDJ1 EMU(mid-1999 ～ mid-2000) Xianfenghao EMU(2001) X2000 tilting train DJJ1 EMU (Blue Arrow)(from 2001)
2004 ～ 2006	DF4B diesel locomotive hauling Double-deck 25B Series with air-conditioning / SS8 electric locomotive / DF11 diesel locomotive hauling 25Z Series / 25C Series railway carriage X2000 tilting train / DJJ1 EMU (Blue Arrow)
2007 ～	DF11 diesel locomotive hauling 25Z Series railway carriage (Until 25 April 2007) DF4B diesel locomotive hauling Double-deck 25B Series with air-conditioning (Until 30 June 2007) DJJ1 EMU (Blue Arrow) (Until 25 April 2007) CRH1A EMU (from 1 February 2007)

Stations

Existing stations

Name	Chinese name	Grade	Location	Distance from Guangzhou Railway Station	Notes
Guangzhou	广州	Top class (Chinese:特等站)	Yuexiu District, Guangzhou	0	The departure station for minor Guangzhou - Shenzhen intercity trains (CRH)
Yunlu	雲麓	4	Yuexiu District, Guangzhou	4	Not for passenger service.
Guangzhou East	广州东	Top class	Tianhe District, Guangzhou	8	The stop and departure station for all Guangzhou - Shenzhen intercity trains (CRH)
Shipai	石牌	4	Tianhe District, Guangzhou	12
Jishan	吉山	3	Tianhe District, Guangzhou	20
Xiayuan	下元	3	Huangpu District, Guangzhou	27	Not for passenger service.
Nangang	南岗	4	Huangpu District, Guangzhou	32
Xintang	新塘	4	Xintang Town, Zengcheng City, Guangzhou	39
Shapu	沙浦	5	Xintang Town, Zengcheng City, Guangzhou	45
Xiancun	仙村	4	Xintang Town, Zengcheng City, Guangzhou	51
Shitan	石滩	4	Shitan Town, Zengcheng City, Guangzhou	60
Honghai	红海	4	Shilong Town, Dongguan	64	Not for passenger service.
Shilong	石龙	3	Shilong Town, Dongguan	69
Chashan	茶山	4	Chashan Town, Dongguan	75
Nanshe	南社	4	Chashan Town, Dongguan	78
Hengli	橫瀝	4	Hengli Town, Dongguan	84
Dongguan	东莞	2	Changping Town, Dongguan	90
Zhangmutou	樟木頭	3	Zhangmutou Town, Dongguan	103
Tangtouxia	塘头厦	4	Tangxia Town, Dongguan	114
Shigu	石鼓	4	Shigu village, Dongguan	119
Pinghu	平湖	4	Longgang District, Shenzhen	127
Shenzhen East	深圳东	3	Longgang District, Shenzhen	139
Sungang	笋岗	1	Luohu District, Shenzhen	144	Not for passenger service.
Shenzhen	深圳	1	Luohu District, Shenzhen	147	The departure station for all Guangzhou - Shenzhen intercity trains (CRH)

Revoked stations

References

↑ Canton-Kowloon Chinese Railway 5% Loan - 1938

External links

[1] Canton-Kowloon Chinese Railway 5% Loan - 1938

[1]

Guangzhou–Shenzhen Railway

Contents

History

Image gallery

Guangshen Intercity Trains

Rolling stock

Stations

Existing stations

Revoked stations

See also

References

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