Arturo Graf

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Arturo Graf

Arturo Graf (19 January 1848 – 31 May 1913) was an Italian poet.

Biography

Arturo Graf was born Athens, Greece, the son of the Nuremberg merchant Adolf Graf and an Anconitan woman. In 1851, the family had to move to Trieste because of the collapse of the father's company. In 1856, a year after the death of the father, the mother Serafina Bini moved with the two sons to her brother in Brăila in Romania. There, the barely fourteen-year-old published his first volume of poetry in 1861 under the pseudonym Filarete Franchi. In 1863 he moved to Naples, where in 1867, without regular school attendance, he passed the matriculation examination as an extern and then studied law at the University of Naples. After the laurea in 1870, he practiced for a few months in a law firm, but then gave up law, became active as a writer, on friendly terms with Antonio Labriola, and returned temporarily to Romania to join the family business. In 1874 he returned to Italy, this time to Rome, where he habilitated in Italian literature at Sapienza University in 1875 with a thesis on Giacomo Leopardi, and also received a teaching qualification in letterature neolatine.

In 1876 Graf became professor of comparative literature, then also of Italian literature, at the University of Turin,[1] of which he was rector from 1892 to 1894. On Saturday afternoons he held seminar sessions, open to the public, in which the first critical works of his students, as well as their poetry, were presented and discussed. In his studies he devoted himself mainly to literary studies, since he was not a trained philologist. He followed natural and social scientific approaches. Together with Francesco Novati and Rodolfo Renier, he edited the Giornale storico della letteratura italiana from 1883. The journal was founded in response to a request from the Turin publisher Hermann Loescher, a great-nephew of Benedikt Gotthelf Teubner, for whom Graf served as literary advisor. Loescher's widow Sofia Rauchenegger became Graf's wife in 1893. Graf was close to the circle of Turin socialists around Edmondo De Amicis, for whom he regularly translated Marxist texts, albeit at a critical distance.

In 1888 he became a member of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, and from 1906 he was a corresponding member of the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome.

He was one of the founders of the Giornale della letteratura italiana, and his publications include valuable prose criticism; but he is best known as a poet. His various volumes of verse—Poesie e novelle (1874), Dopo il tramonto versi (1893), etc.—give him a high place among the recent lyrical writers of his country.[1]

Works

  • Poesie (1861)
  • Poesie e novelle (1876)
  • Dell' epica neolatina (1876)
  • Delle origini del dramma moderno (1876)
  • Della storia letteraria e de' suoi metodi (1877)
  • Studii drammatici (1878)
  • Medusa (1880; poetry)
  • Roma nella memoria e nelle immaginazioni del medio evo (1882–1883; 2 volumes)
  • La leggenda del paradiso terrestre (1879)
  • Prometeo nella poesia (1880)
  • La leggenda dell' aurora (1881)
  • Il diavolo (1889)

References

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Further reading

  • Allasia, C. (1994). "'Gli studi cari ad entrambi'. Lettere di A. Graf a F. Novati", Giornale Storico della Letteratura Italiana, Vol. CLXXI, pp. 226–257.
  • Allasia, C. (1994). "'A cor ti stia soprattutto di non tradire te stesso'. Lettere confidenziali di A. Graf a una giovane allieva", Studi Piemontesi, Vol. XXIII, pp. 493–502.
  • Allasia, C. (1996). "'Uomo instancabile, ringraziamenti e congratulazioni': lettere inedite di A. Graf ad Angelo Solerti", Italianistica, dicembre'.
  • Allasia, C. (2006). "Lettere di Arturo Graf a Benedetto Croce." In: Croce in Piemonte, Atti del convegno tenutosi a Torino e Biella l'8-10 maggio 2003. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica, pp. 537–59
  • Allasia, C. (2001). "'Giovani ahimè non siamo più da un bel pezzo': lettere inedite di A. Graf a Giulio Orsini e Domenico Gnoli", Levia Gravia, pp. 137–80.
  • Allasia, C. (2012). L'idea concubina. Le tentazioni di un intellettuale fin de siècle. Alessandria: dell'Orso.
  • Allasia, C. (2013). "'La mancanza del "predecessore': Francesco De Sanctis, la scuola storica e l'assenza del «sentimento di gratitudine." In: Studi desanctisiani No. 1.
  • Benedetti, Amedeo (2011). "Contributo alla biografia di Arturo Graf," Otto/Novecento, Anno XXXV, No. 1, pp. 141–56.
  • Bufacchi, Emanuela (2008). "A commentar Dante ci vuole un medievalista". Saggi sul dantismo critico di Arturo Graf. Firenze: Le Lettere.
  • Croce, Benedetto (1943). "Arturo Graf." In: La letteratura della nuova Italia. Laterza: Bari, pp. 210–19.
  • Curto, Carlo (1962). "Arturo Graf." In: Letteratura italiana. I Minori, Vol. 4. Milano: Marzorati, pp. 3127–45.
  • De Liguori, G. (1986). I baratri della ragione, Arturo Graf e la cultura del secondo Ottocento. Bari - Roma: Lacaita, Manduria.
  • Izzi, Giuseppe (2002). "Graf, Arturo". In: Mario Caravale, ed., Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). 58. Rome: Gonzales–Graziani. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana.
  • Previti, Luigi (1888). "La Crisi Letteraria in Italia," La Civiltà Cattolica Vol. XII, pp. 689–98.

External links

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