Platon Kostiuk
Platon Kostiuk
Платон Костюк
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Born | Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR, USSR |
20 August 1924
Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Kyiv, Ukraine |
Residence | USSR, Ukraine |
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Fields | Physiology |
Institutions | <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> |
Alma mater | <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> |
Thesis | Nerve adaptation to expanding current (1949) |
Doctoral advisor | Danylo Vorontsov |
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Notable awards | |
Spouse | Lyudmyla Khokhol-Zelenska (1929–2011) |
Children | Olena (1957–2011) Olga (1966) |
Platon Kostiuk | |
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Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada | |
In office 1985–1990 |
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Preceded by | Kostyantyn Sytnik |
Succeeded by | Vladimir Ivashko |
Platon Hryhorovych Kostiuk (Ukrainian: Платон Григорович Костюк) was a Ukrainian physiologist, neurobiologist, electrophysiologist, and biophysicist. He was a member (academician) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine and the Russian Academy of Sciences. He was also a director of the Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and the International Center of Molecular Physiology NAS of Ukraine; chair of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Kiev branch, vice-president of the NAS of Ukraine, and chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR.[1][2]
Contents
Biography
Platon Kostyuk was born in Kiev to the family of the Ukrainian psychologist Hryhoriy Kostyuk. A native speaker of both Ukrainian and Russian, Kostyuk studied English and German, and graduated from high school when the German–Russian War began in 1941. Kostyuk entered Stalingrad University to study biology and Roman philology. He was later evacuated to Siberia where he studied medicine till 1945. After half a year of military medical service, he was demobilized for entry into the Department of Biology at Kyiv University. In parallel he studied psychiatry at Kyiv Medical Institute. Kostyuk worked on his doctoral thesis in Danylo Vorontsov's laboratory of physiology. In his research, he developed microelectrode equipment independently of Judith Graham Pool and Ralph W. Gerard (1949). He completed his doctoral thesis in 1957. In 1958, Kostyuk became Head of the Department of General Nervous System Physiology at the Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology. From 1969 to 2010, he served as the director of the institute.[3]
In 1960–61, Kostiuk was invited to John Eccles' Laboratory in Canberra, Australia to study the mechanisms of synaptic inhibition in the spinal cord. In 1974, he was elected a member (academician) of the Soviet Academy of Science. In 1975–1988, he was the academician-secretary of the Section of Physiology of the academy. In 1975–1990, he was also a deputy in the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR and in 1985–90 was its chairman.
Research
Platon Kostiuk was the first to introduce microelectrode studies of the nervous system in the USSR.[4] He was the first to prove directly the presence of calcium channels in neuronal cell membranes.[5] Under his supervision, two types of calcium currents were discovered: high-voltage activated and low-voltage activated.[6] He also proposed an original hypothesis on calcium channels' selectivity mechanism.[7]
Awards and chairs
Kostiuk was a vice-president of the International Union for Physiologycal Sciences from 1989–1993.[8]
In memoriam
Kostiuk students established Kostyuk Foundation to support young scientists and promote physiological research in Ukraine. Once a year Foundation presents Kostyuk Award to outstanding young researchers in field of biomedical sciences.[9]
Publications
He published more than 1000 scientific papers in Ukrainian, Russian, and English. Some of the most important include:
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References
- ↑ Platon Kostyuk. FEPS.org
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- ↑ Platon Grigor’evich Kostiuk. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979)
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- ↑ Kostyuk Foundation
External links
- Platon Kostyuk on a NeuroTree
- Platon Kostyuk on a Chemistry Tree
- Helmut Kettenmann. Platon Gregorievich Kostyuk (1924-2010) in memoriam. FENS News, 17 May, 2010
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Preceded by | Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR 1985 - 1990 |
Succeeded by Vladimir Ivashko (acting) |