Ostashkov

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Ostashkov (English)
Осташков (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -
Map of Russia - Tver Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Tver Oblast in Russia
Ostashkov is located in Tver Oblast
Ostashkov
Ostashkov
Location of Ostashkov in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
70px
70px
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of December 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district Ostashkovsky District[2]
Urban settlement Ostashkov[2]
Administrative center of Ostashkovsky District,[3] Ostashkov Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status (as of March 2013)
Municipal district Ostashkovsky Municipal District[4]
Urban settlement Ostashkov Urban Settlement[4]
Administrative center of Ostashkovsky Municipal District,[5] Ostashkov Urban Settlement[4]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 18,088 inhabitants[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Founded 1770[citation needed]
Town status since 1770[citation needed]
Postal code(s)[8] 172730, 172734, 172735, 172749
[[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Ostashkov]] on Wikimedia Commons

Ostashkov (Russian: Оста́шков) is a town and the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on a peninsula at the southern shore of Lake Seliger, 199 kilometers (124 mi) west of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 18,088 (2010 Census);[6] 20,660 (2002 Census);[9] 27,401 (1989 Census).[10]

History

The island of Klichen was first mentioned in a letter sent by Grand Duke Algirdas of Lithuania to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in 1371. After the island was pillaged by Novgorod pirates several years later, two of Klichen's surviving inhabitants, Ostashko and Timofey, moved to the mainland, where they founded the villages Ostashkovo and Timofeyevo, respectively. The former belonged to the Moscow Patriarchs, and the latter—to the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery. In 1770, both villages were merged into the town of Ostashkov.[citation needed]

Ostashkov is commonly regarded as one of the finest Russian provincial towns. Its main streets were laid out in Neoclassical style after the plans of Ivan Starov (1772). Local landmarks include the Ascension Church (1689), the Trinity Cathedral (1697), the Monastery of the Sign (1673, 1730s, 1880s), and the mid-18th century Zhitny Cloister. There is also a fanciful column erected by people of Ostashkov in 1787 to mark a spot where a wooden fort (1587) used to stand. The town's pleasant architecture and attractive setting by the lake combine to make Ostashkov one of the most popular resorts in Western Russia.

File:Ostashkov sobor.jpg
Ostashkov's Orthodox cathedral (1689) overlooking Lake Seliger
File:Ostashkov candle.jpg
The 17th-century bell tower of the Resurrection Cathedral in Ostashkov

The well-known Nilov Monastery is located on Stolobny Island, about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) north from Ostashkov. It was the place where the Ostashkov Special Camp of the NKVD was located and where roughly 6,300 Polish policemen and prisoners of war were kept prior to their execution in Tver. Approximately 4,300 of their comrades, held in Kozelsk were around this time executed in Smolensk Oblast, in what is now known as the Katyn massacre. During World War II, Ostashkov was not occupied by German troops but until 1943 stayed in the immediate vicinity of the front lines.[11]

In 1772, Ostashkov was granted town status, and Ostashkovsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate was established, with the seat in Ostashkov. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and the area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to Tver Governorate.[11]

On 1 October 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Ostashkovsky District with the administrative center in Ostashkov was established. It belonged to Velikiye Luki Okrug of Western Oblast.[11][12] On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Ostashkovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.[12][13] In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by Nikita Khrushchev, Kirovsky and Penovsky Districts were merged into Ostashkovsky District. On January 12, 1965 Selizharovsky District (which occupied the same area as Kirovsky District), and on December 27, 1973 Penovsky District were re-established. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[13]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Ostashkov serves as the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District.[3] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Ostashkovsky District as Ostashkov Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Ostashkovsky Municipal District.[4]

Economy

Industry

The main industrial enterprise in Ostashkovsky District is Ostashkov Leather Factory. Additionally, enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries are present.[14]

Transportation

Ostashkov railway station

The railway connecting Bologoye with Velikiye Luki runs through Ostashkov. There is infrequent passenger traffic.

Ostashkov is connected by road with Torzhok via Kuvshinovo. This roadhas access to M10 highway, connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. Ostashkov is further connected with Staritsa via Selizharovo, with Andreapol via Peno, and with Demyansk and Maryovo. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Ostashkov.

Culture and recreation

Ostashkov contains 125 cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 118 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Essentially, the whole center of Ostashkov consists of listed buildings.[15]

Ostashkovsky District Museum was founded in 1889 and is located in Ostashkov. It has displays on local history and ethnography.[16]

Twin towns and sister cities

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Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Ostashkov is twinned with:

References

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Law #34-ZO
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #40-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Ostashkovsky Municipal District, lists the town of Ostashkov as a part and the administrative center of Ostashkov Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 245», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 245, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Law #40-ZO
  5. ↑ Law #4-ZO
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Sources

  • Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №34-ЗО от 17 апреля 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области», в ред. Закона №66-ЗО от 1 октября 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 18 Закона Тверской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №17 (специальный выпуск), 19 апреля 2006 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #34-ZO of April 17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law #66-ZO of October 1, 2014 On Amending Article 18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №40-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Осташковский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №16-ЗО от 28 марта 2013 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований Щучьенское сельское поселение Осташковского района Тверской области и Святосельское сельское поселение Осташковского района Тверской области и внесении изменений в Закон Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Осташковский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #40-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Which the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Ostashkovsky District" Comprises and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #16-ZO of March 28, 2013 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of Shchuchyenskoye Rural Settlement of Ostashkovsky District of Tver Oblast and Svyatoselskoye Rural Settlement of Ostashkovsky District of Tver Oblast and on Amending the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Which the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Ostashkovsky District" Comprises and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
  • Template:RussiaAdmMunRef/tve/munlist0

External links

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