para-Chloroamphetamine

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Not to be confused with para-Chloromethamphetamine.

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para-Chloroamphetamine (PCA), also known as 4-chloroamphetamine (4-CA), is an amphetamine derivative and monoamine releaser similar to MDMA, but with substantially higher neurotoxicity, thought to be due to the unrestrained release of both serotonin and dopamine by a metabolite.[1] It is used as a neurotoxin by neurobiologists to selectively kill serotonergic neurons for research purposes, in the same way that 6-hydroxydopamine is used to kill dopaminergic neurons.[2][3][4][5]

However, the effects of the compound on experimental animals appear less encouraging.[6] It has been detected as an apparent designer drug,[7] along with the related 3-chloroamphetamine, which is even more potent as a releaser of dopamine and serotonin but slightly less neurotoxic.[8][9][10][11][12]

The closely related N-methylated derivative, para-Chloromethamphetamine (CMA), which is metabolised to para-chloroamphetamine in vivo, has neurotoxic properties as well.

Legal Status

China

As of October 2015 4-CA is a controlled substance in China.[13]

See also

References

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